饲料发酵对饲料、猪粪中微量元素形态及粪臭素的影响  

Effects of Feed Fermentation on Speciations of Trace Elements in Feed and Pig Manure and Skatole in Manure

作　　者：盛清凯[1] 战余铭 李会荣 孟宪利 赵红波[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院畜牧兽医研究所/山东省畜禽疫病防治与繁育重点实验室,山东济南250100 [2]山东省饲料质量检验所,山东济南250022 [3]临邑县畜牧兽医局,山东临邑251500

出　　处：《山东农业科学》2016年第3期106-109,共4页Shandong Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：山东省农业重大应用技术创新项目[鲁财农指(2014)38号];国家自然科学基金项目(31172245)

摘　　要：为促进种养结合,在母猪全价配合饲料中添加乳酸菌及枯草芽孢杆菌厌氧发酵,研究饲料发酵对饲料、猪粪中铜、铁、锌、锰的化学形态及粪中粪臭素含量的影响。结果表明:和未发酵饲料相比,发酵饲料和猪粪中醋酸提取态的铜、铁、锌、锰含量均显著或极显著增加,还原态的铜、铁含量显著增加,氧化态的铜、铁含量显著或极显著减少,残渣态的铜含量无明显变化;饲料p H值显著降低,猪粪p H值显著升高;猪粪粪臭素浓度极显著降低;乳酸菌含量和淀粉酶、纤维素酶活性极显著或显著增加。表明饲料发酵改变了饲料和猪粪中铜、铁、锌、锰的化学形态,减少了猪粪臭味。To promote the combination of cropping and livestock farming,the compound feed for sow was anaerobically fermented by lactic acid bacteria and Bacillus subtilis to investigate the effects of feed fermentation on chemical speciations of copper,iron,zinc and manganese in feed and pig manure and skatole in manure. The results showed that compared with unfermented feed,in fermented feed and pig manure,the contents of acetic acid extracted-state copper,iron,zinc and manganese,and the contents of reduced-state copper and iron significantly or very significantly increased,while the contents of oxidized-state copper and iron significantly or very significantly decreased,and the content of residual-state copper had no obvious change. Fermentation significantly reduced feed p H value while improved the manure p H value. The lactic acid bacteria content,amylase and cellulase activities of fermentation treatment were significantly or very significantly increased in feed and manure. And the skatole concentration was highly significantly decreased in manure. It indicated that feed fermentation changed the chemical speciations of copper,iron,zinc and manganese in feed and manure and reduced the manure odor.

关 键 词：饲料发酵 猪粪 微量元素形态 粪臭素 

分 类 号：S828.15[农业科学—畜牧学]