贵州织金金矿矿区土壤重金属含量及风险评价  

Soil Heavy Metal Content in Zhijin Gold Mining Area of Guizhou Province and Its Potential Risk Assessment

作　　者：杨珍[1] 吴迪[1] 张林 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学贵州省山地环境信息系统与生态环境保护重点实验室,贵阳550001 [2]贵州省生物研究所,贵阳550009

出　　处：《湖北农业科学》2016年第4期863-866,903,共5页Hubei Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013F2001007);贵州省食用菌工程中心项目(黔科合G字[2014]4002号)

摘　　要：重金属是一类具有潜在危害的重要污染物,具有隐蔽性、长期性和不可逆性的特点。以毕节市织金县猫场镇金矿山区为研究对象,采用四分法采集矿区的土壤,检测其Pb、Cd、Hg、As、Cu,了解重金属对当地土壤的污染情况,预测重金属对人类健康的危害以及对生态系统造成的影响。结果表明,金矿矿区研究区域内土壤中的重金属存在不同程度的污染,重金属平均含量表现为Cu>Pb>As>Cd>Hg,以土壤环境质量二级标准为背景值,从单因子污染指数来看,其中Cd表现较明显,该区域土壤5种重金属的污染程度依次为Cd>Cu>Hg>As>Pb。从综合污染指数来看,在研究区域内的4种土壤已达到重度污染,污染程度依次表现为矿山土>废矿渣土>耕作土>矿山山顶土。Heavy metals were important pollutants of potential threat to the environment, which were concealed, long-term and irreversible. Taking gold mining area in Maochang Town of Zhijin, Bijie City as the research object, the author would use the quartation method when sampling the soil in the mining area to detect the Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu and then to know the situation of heavy metal pollution to the soil and finally to predict effects of heavy metals on human health and damage to ecosystem in this paper. The result showed that heavy metals in the soil of gold mining area for research have different pollution degrees. And the average content of heavy metals was ordered as CuPbAsCdHg. If taking the Ⅱclass standard from Soil Environmental Quality Standard as the background value. From the single factor pollution index, Cd was more obvious than other elements, the pollution degree of 5 heavy metals in the area was ordered as CdCuHgAsPb. From the single factor pollution index, From the comprehensive factor pollution index, four kinds of soil in research area had reached high levels of pollution,the degree of heavy metal was ordered as mine soilwaste slag soiltillage soilmining mountain soil.

关 键 词：土壤 重金属 污染程度 评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]