濒危植物马蹄参的小孢子发生和雄配子体发育  

Microsporogenesis and Development of Male Gametophyte in Endangered Species Diplopanax stachyanthus Hand.-Mazz.

作　　者：王丽[1] 杜夏瑾[1] 文志[1] 孙名皓 沈昱[1] 黎啸峰 

机构地区：[1]中南大学生命科学学院,长沙410013

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第1期43-47,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31270700;30800088);湖南省自然科学基金(13JJ2006)

摘　　要：采用常规石蜡切片法观察马蹄参小孢子形成和雄配子体发育的过程,探讨其濒危机制与雄性生殖发育的关系,为马蹄参的保护与繁殖提供基础资料。结果表明:(1)花药具4个花粉囊,花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层、绒毡层4层构成,花药壁的发育类型为基本型;(2)小孢子母细胞减数分裂时胞质分裂为同时型,四分体排列方式为四面体型;(3)成熟花粉为2-细胞型;(4)扫描电镜观察发现马蹄参成熟花粉极面观呈钝三角形,赤道面观呈长球形,具3个萌发孔。研究认为,马蹄参不存在雄性生殖结构与发育过程异常。Here we characterize microsporogenesis and development of male gametophytes by using paraffin sections to study the relationship between the endangered mechanism and the male reproductive development.In addition,the study provides a basic information for the protection and propagation of Diplopanax stachyanthus Hand.-Mazz.The results are as follows：（1）anthers are tetrasporangiate,and the microsporangium wall is composed of epidermis,endothecium,middle layers and tapetum.The development type of anther wall is of basic type;（2）cytokinesis during meiosis of microspore mother cells（MMCs）is simultaneous,and the tetrad is tetrahedral;（3）the nature pollen is two-celled;（4）scanning electron microscope observation shows that it is obtuse-triangular in pole view and oblong-globose in equatorial view,with three apertures.The study suggests that there is no abnormal development of male reproductive structure of D.stachyanthus Hand.-Mazz..

关 键 词：马蹄参 小孢子发生 雄配子体形成 濒危物种 

分 类 号：Q944.58[生物学—植物学]