贵州省常见唇形科植物茎和叶比较解剖学研究  

Comparative Anatomy on the Stem and Leaf of Common Lamiaceae Species in Guizhou

作　　者：沈文华[1] 石建明[2] 徐玲玲[2] 冯旭东[2] 关萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]西南大学家蚕基因组生物学国家重点实验室,重庆400715 [2]贵州大学生命科学学院,贵阳550025

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2016年第1期59-69,共11页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：贵州省自然科学基金(黔科合J字[2014]2124);中央高校基本业务费一般项目(XDJK2016C006)

摘　　要：运用石蜡切片技术对贵州省40种常见唇形科植物茎、叶进行了比较解剖学研究。结果显示：（1）40种唇形科植物具有典型的双子叶植物茎、叶的解剖特征,茎由表皮、皮层和维管柱组成,棱角表皮下具有发达的厚角组织,棱角处厚角组织内方的维管组织明显较其它部分发达;茎横切面形态主要有3种类型,维管束排列也主要呈现3种方式。（2）叶片由表皮、叶肉和叶脉三部分组成,均为异面叶,栅栏组织细胞1～3层,少部分物种叶脉腹面隆起;绝大部分常见物种主脉明显较侧脉发达,但也有少部分主脉、侧脉大小相近;主脉中维管束大多为1个,形态包括月牙形、半圆形、圆形,少量物种主脉具有多维管束;表皮毛由1～3个细胞组成,表皮毛的形态多为锥状,少为杆状。研究表明,唇形科植物茎、叶的显微结构无论在属内还是在种间都存在差异,在探讨唇形科种的分类地位及其物种鉴定时都具备参考价值,但却难以作为分类鉴定的决定性特征。Comparative anatomical observation on stem and leaf of 40 common Labiatae species was performed by paraffin section technology.Typical anatomical characters of stem and leaf in dicotyledon were observed.（1）Stem were made of epidermis,cortex,and ascular cylinder.Developed collenchyma existed under the epidermis of the edge corner.Vascular tissues under the collenchyma were obviously more developed than other tissues.There were three types of stem cross section,three types of vascular bundle as well.（2）Leaves were comprised of epidermis,mesophyll and vein.As a bifacial leaf,palisade tissue and spongy tissue are apparently distinct.And the palisade tissue consists of 1-3layer cells.Vein venter bulge was found in few species.In most of the species,main vein was more developed than lateral vein,and the others were nearly similar.There were three types of vascular bundle in vein,crescent,hemicycle and circular.The number of vascular bundle mostly was single or more in some cases.The mainly taper of epidermal hair was composed of 1-3cells and few were rhabditiform.The results showed that,the anatomical characters of stem and leaf in Lamiaceae species is distinct whatever among the genus or species which was helpful for discussing the taxonomic position of species in Labiatae,as well as species identification.However,it can not be the determining character.

关 键 词：唇形科 茎 叶 比较解剖学 

分 类 号：Q944.55[生物学—植物学]