PEMFC全车况性能衰减的研究进展  

Research progress of PEMFC degradation in full operating modes for electric vehicle

作　　者：王诚[1] 黄俊 赵波[3] 肖宇[3] 赵鹏程[3] 李建秋 张剑波 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院,北京100084 [2]全球能源互联网研究院,北京100000 [3]清华大学汽车工程系,汽车安全与节能国家重点实验室,北京100084

出　　处：《汽车安全与节能学报》2016年第1期86-93,共8页Journal of Automotive Safety and Energy

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目资助(SGRI-DL-71-14-012)

摘　　要：车用质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC)的耐久性提升,需全面系统地认识其全车况性能衰减机制。本文调研并分析了在启停工况、零下冷启动工况、高电位工况、变载工况、大电流密度工况、杂质污染主要6种车况下的PEMFC性能衰减,归纳了在车用工况下PEMFC加速老化的实验和机理。老化机理包括:启停工况引起阴极高电位造成催化剂碳载体腐蚀,怠速工况的产生大量自由基导致质子交换膜分解甚至形成针孔,反复变载工况引起的电位循环造成燃料电池催化剂铂颗粒粗大化和流失等。因此,利用这些衰减机制,开发衰减应对技术,全面提升PEMFC的耐久性以及更准确的PEMFC寿命预测方法迫在眉睫。The durability improvement for Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell（PEMFC） must be based on degradations mechanisms under full operation modes of fuel cell electric vehicle, because the life time of PEMFC has not met the targets for fuel cell vehicle commercialization. This paper makes literature investigation and analyzes for PEMFC performance degradation under main six kinds of operation modes of starting and stopping, cold start, high potential, variable load, high current density and impurity pollution with summarizing aging experimental and degradation mechanism under fuel cell vehicle modes. The main degradation mechanisms include starting and stopping mode lead to cathode high potential and catalyst carbon support eroded, proton exchange membrane attacked by enormous radical generated under idling mode, Pt catalyst particles enlarged and washed away caused by variable load etc. Therefore, the important and urgent research and development are to improve degradation prediction technique based on these degradation mechanisms.

关 键 词：电动汽车 质子交换膜燃料电池(PEMFC) 车况 性能衰减 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] TK91[动力工程及工程热物理]