“必须”的语义特征及其主观化--兼与“must”比较  

The Semantic Features of “Bixu”and Its Subjectification——Comparing with must

作　　者：杨才英[1] 叶瑞娟[2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学,广州510632 [2]广东药学院,广州510250

出　　处：《外语学刊》2016年第2期60-66,共7页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目“汉语动名组合的生命度定位与摆度研究”(14BYY123);“基于语义地图的句末助词多功能研究”(13BYY117);“汉语虚词词典编撰的方法论创新及其实践”(12BYY101)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：本文基于北大CCL语料库分析"必须"的语义特征及其主观化过程。首先,从类型、量值和取向3个情态维度提取"必须"的语义特征;其次,根据辖域范围和情态连用分析"必须"的句法限制;再次,着力探讨"必须"在客观条件的必然性、必要性以及主观意志的权位关系和亲疏关系上的话语功能;最后,勾勒出"必须"从"客观情势的必要性到主观意志的强制性"这一主观化演变过程。The paper aims to explore the semantic features and subjectification of ＂bixu＂in Chinese based upon the corpus of CCL.Firstly,we discuss the semantic features,governing range,and modal series of ＂bixu＂in terms of the type,value and orientation. Then,according to the role relationship between the speaker and the hearer and the speaker＇s attitude,it is argued that＂bixu＂functions as objective necessity and subjective volition in discourse. Finally,we explore the subjectification of＂bixu＂from objective conditions to subjective determination diachronically.

关 键 词：“必须” 意态 语义特征 话语功能 主观化 

分 类 号：H030[语言文字—语言学]