国际性仲裁协议的准据法确定——以仲裁协议的有效性为中心  

Significance,Methods and Trend of Determining the Law Governing an International Arbitration Agreement: Focusing on the Validity of an Arbitration Agreement

作　　者：陈卫佐[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学法学院 [2]清华大学国际私法与比较法研究中心

出　　处：《比较法研究》2016年第2期156-170,共15页Journal of Comparative Law

摘　　要：国际性仲裁协议的准据法确定关系到仲裁协议的有效性,因而在国际商事仲裁实践中具有重要意义。确定国际性仲裁协议准据法的方法主要有二:其一是适用双方当事人所明示或默示地选择的、适用于仲裁协议本身的法律体系,其二是在无法律选择的情形下适用仲裁地国家的法律体系。此外,主合同的准据法、申请执行仲裁协议所在地国家的法律体系、与仲裁协议有最密切联系的国家的法律体系或仲裁程序本身的准据法也可能成为仲裁协议准据法。为了从仲裁协议的形式有效性、当事人缔结仲裁协议的能力和争议的可仲裁性等不同方面来判断仲裁协议是否有效,与仲裁协议的有效性有关的"准据法分裂"经常被作为确定仲裁协议准据法的一种辅助手段来使用。最近几十年来,在国际性仲裁协议准据法的确定问题上出现了一个尽可能使仲裁协议有效的发展趋势,具体表现在辅助性地适用"有利于有效性"原则和辅助性地适用能够使仲裁协议有效的国际法原则或规则,借以实现国际性仲裁协议的可执行性的最大化。Determining which law governs an international arbitration agreement is central to the practice of international commercial arbitration,since one cannot consider the validity of an arbitration agreement without making this determination.There are two primary methods for determining the law governing an international arbitration agreement： The first is to apply the legal system chosen by the parties explicitly or impliedly that is applicable to the arbitration agreement itself.The second is to apply the legal system of the country of the seat of arbitration.The law applicable to the main contract,the legal system of the country in which enforcement of an arbitration award is sought,the legal system with which the arbitration agreement has the closest connection,or the law applicable to arbitration proceedings may also be the law governing an international arbitration agreement.In addition,the dépeage（Statutenspaltung）is often used as a subsidiary means of determining the law governing an arbitration agreement.The purpose is to pass judgment on its formal validity,the parties＇ capacity to enter into such an agreement,as well as the arbitrability of disputes.In the last few decades,there has been a trend in favor of the validity of arbitration agreements in the question of determining their governing law,i.e.in favor of the subsidiary application of the principle favor validitatis and the subsidiary application of international legal rules that recognize the validity of an arbitration agreement.The aim is to maximize the enforceability of international arbitration agreements.

关 键 词：国际性仲裁协议 有效性 准据法的确定 方法 趋势 

分 类 号：D997.4[政治法律—国际法学]