西太平洋大尺度环境场对TC生成初期的影响  

The effect of surrounding environment fields on tropical cyclone genesis in the Western Pacific region

作　　者：丁治英[1,2] 张月萌 赵向军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]气象灾害教育部重点实验室(南京信息工程大学),江苏南京210044 [2]南京信息工程大学大气科学学院,江苏南京210044

出　　处：《大气科学学报》2016年第1期46-54,共9页Transactions of Atmospheric Sciences

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划"973计划"项目(2013CB430103);国家自然科学基金资助项目(41530427;41375058);江苏省优秀科技创新团队基金资助项目

摘　　要：利用NCEP/NCAR水平分辨率为1°×1°、逐6 h的分析资料,以及JTWC(美国联合台风预警中心,Joint Typhoon Warning Center)最佳TC路径资料,对2004—2010年5—9月北半球100°E^180°范围内,118例TC生成时刻周围系统辐散风的大小以及时间和空间分布特征进行了统计分析,根据作用系统的不同将TC分为7种类型,其中:1)越赤道气流型;2)越赤道气流和副高相当型;3)越赤道气流强,副高弱型;4)副高型,这4种类型最多,占总数的91.5%以上。以TC为中心,在新生TC闭合环流外500 km范围内,第Ⅰ象限为副高的影响,在第Ⅱ象限多为副高与大陆高压影响,第Ⅲ象限为越赤道气流影响,而在第Ⅳ象限多为越赤道气流影响,少数为副高影响。区域平均越赤道气流辐散风的影响强度在0.7~3.5 m·s^(-1)的范围内,副高辐散风的影响强度在0.6~1.5 m·s^(-1)的范围内。对0704号的控制试验和敏感性试验表明,去掉TC自身的作用后,仍然会在一段时间后生成新的TC,这也验证了周围系统对TC的生成有重要的作用。Based on the NCEP / NCAR 1° × 1° gridded analysis data per 6 hours and the best track data from JTWC,the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics as w ell as the value of the divergent w ind surrounding 118 tropical cyclones in the range of 100°E to 180°E in the northern hemisphere from M ay to September during 2004—2010w ere statistically analyzed. TCs can be divided into seven types according to different influence systems,and the first four categories take up more than 91. 5% of the total number,w hich are 1） cross-equatorial flow type; 2） equal cross-equatorial flow and subtropical high type; 3） strong cross-equatorial flow and w eak subtropical high type; 4） subtropical high type. Centered on TC,areas w ithin 500 kilometers aw ay from the closed vortex of the new TCs are affected by subtropical high in the first quadrant,by subtropical high and continental high in the second quadrant,by cross-equatorial flow in the third quadrant,and mostly affected by cross-equatorial flow and seldom by subtropical high in the fourth quadrant. As for the regional average divergent w ind values,the effect intensity of cross-equatorial flow varies in the range of 1. 4—3. 5 m ·s^-1,and the effect intensity of subtropical high varies in the range of 0. 7—1. 2 m · s^-1. By conducting both control test and sensitivity test on TC 0704,w e know that another new TC w ill still generate in few days after removing the TC,w hich proves the surrounding systems play an important role in TC genesis.

关 键 词：TC 辐散风 越赤道气流 副高 

分 类 号：P444[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]