染料木素对噪声性聋的保护作用  

Protection of genistein against noise-induced hearing loss

作　　者：肖冰 姜明春[2] 康颂建[2] 孙宪昌[2] 

机构地区：[1]泰安军分区第四干休所卫生所,泰安271000 [2]泰山医学院生理教研室,泰安271000

出　　处：《中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志》2016年第2期84-87,95,共5页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology

基　　金：泰山医学院自然科学基金(2011ZR036)

摘　　要：目的探讨植物雌激素染料木素是否具有预防噪声性聋的作用。方法将30只健康豚鼠随机分为3组,每组10只。单纯噪声组每日腹腔注射生理盐水1 m L/kg,染料木素保护组每日腹腔注射染料木素10 mg/kg,正常对照组每日腹腔注射生理盐水1 m L/kg,3组动物均持续给药10 d。除正常对照组以外的2组动物于给药的第4天开始给予噪声刺激,连续7 d。噪声模式采用4 k Hz纯音,强度为115 d B SPL,噪声持续时间为4 h/d。每组动物在给药前、后均行听性脑干反应(ABR)检测。末次检测完毕后,在麻醉状态下将豚鼠断头取耳蜗,采用耳蜗基底膜铺片技术观察耳蜗毛细胞的形态学改变,同时计算外毛细胞损伤率;观察外毛细胞琥珀酸脱氢酶(SDH)活性的改变;采用DNA末端转移酶介导的缺口末端标记法(TUNEL)检测耳蜗螺旋神经节细胞的凋亡。结果噪声刺激前,3组动物ABR阈值无明显差异(P﹥0.05);接触噪声后,单纯噪声组ABR阈值明显升高(P<0.01),染料木素保护组ABR阈值较单纯噪声组显著降低(P<0.01)。耳蜗铺片及SDH染色结果显示:单纯噪声组动物耳蜗毛细胞排列紊乱并伴有大量缺失,SDH染色明显变浅;给予染料木素后,毛细胞缺失明显减少(P<0.01),排列较规则,SDH染色明显好于单纯噪声组。TUNEL结果显示:动物接触噪声后,螺旋神经节细胞大量凋亡,染料木素能减轻细胞损伤。结论染料木素对噪声性聋有一定的防治作用,该作用可能与其营养神经、保护耳蜗毛细胞SDH的活性及线粒体功能有关。Objective To investigate the effects of genistein on preventing noise-induced hearing loss（ NIHL） in guinea pigs. Methods Thirty healthy guinea pigs with normal auricle reflex were randomly divided into the following 3groups（ 10 guinea pigs in each group） ： treatment group with saline（ 1 m L / kg）,treatment group with genistein（ 10 mg / kg）,and normal control group treated with saline（ 1 m L / kg）. The drug administration lasted for a consecutive 10 days. After 3 days of administration,all of the animals except for normal group were simultaneously exposed to steady white noise at 115 d B SPL for 4 h / d,and lasted for 7 days. Auditory brainstem response（ ABR） was tested to study the variation of the auditory function. The morphological changes of hair cells were observed on the stretched preparation of basilar membrane. The variety of succinate dehydrogenase（ SDH） of hair cells was observed by light microscope. The apoptosis of spiral ganglion cells was observed by terminal deoxynucleotide transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling method. Results There was no significant difference（ P 0. 05） between ABR threshold values of the three groups before noise exposure. After noise exposure,the ABR threshold value was significantly increased in the simple noise group（ P 0. 01）. However,animals that received genistein treatment showed a significantly lower ABR threshold（ P 0. 01）. The SDH chemical reaction color obviously disappeared in cochlear hair cells of guinea pigs in noise group; there was a light change of the SDH level in genistein-treated animals compared to normal animals.Compared to the noise group,the apoptosis of spiral ganglion cells were significantly lower in treatment group with genistein.Conclusions Genistein can reduce the injury of the cochlear induced by NIHL and protect the vitality of mitochondrial respiratory enzyme in the cochlear hair cells.

关 键 词：染料木素 噪声性聋 雌激素 毛细胞 琥珀酸脱氢酶 凋亡 

分 类 号：R764.433[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]