施用生物炭后塿土土壤有机碳、氮及碳库管理指数的变化  

Soil organic carbon and nitrogen and carbon pool management index in Loess soil as influenced by biochar

作　　者：王月玲[1] 耿增超[1] 尚杰[1] 曹胜磊 耿荣[1] 赵军[1] 林云[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2016年第3期532-539,共8页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：杨凌示范区科技计划项目"添加生物炭对塿土温室气体排放影响"(2015SF-03)

摘　　要：通过2年4季的田间小区试验,研究了添加0~80 t·hm^(-2)果树枝条生物炭后,土壤总有机碳(TOC)、全氮(TN)、p H、土壤活性有机碳(AOC)、土壤中活性有机碳(MAOC)、土壤高活性有机碳(HAOC)、土壤水溶性有机碳(WSOC)、碳库管理指数(CPMI)的变化及各指标之间的相关性。结果表明:在第四季作物收获后,随生物炭施用量的增加,TOC增加59.80%~180.52%、TN增加13.22%~20.92%、p H增加0.76%~1.28%;HAOC和CPMI均在生物炭用量为60 t·hm^(-2)时达到最大,分别较对照增加70.36%和52.43%;AOC前两季在生物炭用量为40 t·hm^(-2)时达到最大,后两季在生物炭用量为60 t·hm^(-2)时达到最大,而整个试验期内各施炭处理分别比对照增加18.46%~73.42%;WSOC在前三季随生物炭用量的增加而降低,且各施炭处理分别比对照低8.00%~42.77%。相关性分析表明,除MAOC外,上述各指标均与生物炭用量呈显著相关关系(P<0.05)。研究认为,施用生物炭能提高土壤总有机碳、全氮含量和土壤碳库管理指数,有利于改善土壤质量,提高土壤肥力,为农田土壤可持续利用和生物炭作为土壤改良剂的应用提供科学依据和参考价值。In recent years biochar has received widespread attention in soil improvement, pollution reduction, and carbon sequestration both at home and abroad. Total soil organic carbon（TSOC）, total nitrogen（TN）, pH, soil active organic carbon（AOC）, moderately active organic carbon（MAOC）, highly active organic carbon（HAOC）, water-soluble organic carbon（WSOC）, and carbon pool management index（CPMI）were investigated in a 2 year plot trial. Results showed that TSOC, TN and pH increased respectively by 59.80% -180.52%, 13.22% -20.92% and 0.76%-1.28% in a dose-effect manner after the fourth harvesting of crops, while HAOC and CPMI increased by 70.36% and52.43% at biochar rate of 60 t·hm^-2than in the control. AOC reached the maximum after the second season at 40 t·hm^-2of biochar, but it was the highest in the third and forth seasons at 60 t·hm^-2 of biochar. During the experimental period, AOC was increased by 18.46%73.42%, as compared with the control. During the first three quarters, WSOC was 8.00%-42.77% lower in biochar than in the control. There were significant correlation between all indexes and biochar rate（P〈0.05）, with an exception of MAOC. These findings indicate that applying biochar increases total soil organic carbon and total nitrogen as well as carbon pool management index, and also improves soil quality and soil fertility.

关 键 词：生物炭 固碳减排 水溶性有机碳 碳库管理指数 

分 类 号：S153.6[农业科学—土壤学]