孕晚期产妇焦虑现状及影响因素研究  

Study on anxiety status and its influencing factors of late pregnancy women

作　　者：李姝玥 亢玉婷 赵彩宁 韩宏志[3] 姚燕[2] 

机构地区：[1]长春妇产医院护理服务中心,长春130000 [2]吉林大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学教研室 [3]吉林大学学报(医学版)

出　　处：《中国临床护理》2016年第2期97-100,共4页Chinese Clinical Nursing

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年基金(编号:81102163)

摘　　要：目的探讨孕晚期产妇焦虑现况及相关影响因素,为有效预防和减少孕妇产前焦虑提供科学依据。方法选取2015年1~3月住院的孕38周以上的待产孕妇467例,采用调查问卷及焦虑自评量表对其进行调查,分析孕晚期妇女焦虑相关影响因素。结果 467例研究对象中,有焦虑状态者96例,占总调查人数的20.6%;多因素logistic回归分析结果显示文化程度高中/中专、本科及以上者发生产前焦虑的概率分别是初中及以下人群的0.422倍（OR=0.422,95%CI：0.225~0.793）和0.280倍（OR=0.280,95%CI：0.141~0.558）;预期为自然分娩的孕妇产前焦虑的概率是预期为剖宫产者的2.423倍（OR=2.423,95%CI：0.938~6.260）;孕前贫血的孕妇发生产前焦虑的概率是未患贫血者的2.306倍（OR=2.306,95%CI：0.864~6.159）;孕期患有高血压的孕妇发生产前焦虑的概率是未患高血压者的6.337倍（OR=6.337,95%CI：2.644~15.189）。结论身体状况不佳,如孕前贫血、孕期高血压、文化程度低、预期自然分娩是孕妇产前焦虑的主要危险因素。提高孕妇健康水平、加强产前相关健康教育和心理疏导,可有效预防和减少孕妇产前焦虑发生。Objective To investigate anxiety status and its influencing factors of late pregnancy women and provide scientific basis to reduce prenatal anxiety effectively.Methods A total of 467 pregnant women in our hospital were interviewed using a specially designed questionnaire and self-rating anxiety scale（SAS）from January to March in 2015.The data were analyzed to find out the influencing factors.Results Among 467 participants,20.6%（96/467）were found of anxiety.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the chances of pregnant women whose education level were senior high school or technical secondary school and bachelor degree or above suffering from anxiety were 0.422 and 0.280 of those of junior middle school or lower education level.The chances of pregnant women who expected natural delivery suffering antepartum anxiety were 2.423 of those who expected cesarean delivery（OR=2.423,95%CI：0.938~6.260）.Pregnant women who suffered from progestational anemia and pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome were 2.306 riskier and 6.337 riskier than who were not suffered from these diseases（OR=2.306,95%CI：0.864~6.159,OR=6.337,95%CI：2.644~15.189）.Conclusion Pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome,prenatal anemia,lower degree of education,expected natural delivery are the main risking factors of antepartum anxiety among pregnancy women.It is significant to prevent or reduce antepartum anxiety occurring by improving the health status of pregnancy women and strengthening prenatal education and psychological counseling.

关 键 词：孕妇 焦虑 影响因素 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]