重庆市2014年农村饮用水卫生状况  

Drinking Water Sanitary Quality in Chongqing Rural Areas in 2014

作　　者：向新志[1] 赵怡楠[1] 罗书全[1] 周倩茹[1] 张洁[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市疾病预防控制中心

出　　处：《环境卫生学杂志》2016年第1期85-87,90,共4页JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE

摘　　要：目的了解农村饮用水水质卫生状况,为农村饮用水水质卫生安全规划提供依据。方法按照《2014年全国饮用水卫生监测工作方案》要求进行卫生学调查和水质检测。结果调查农村供水工程943处,采集枯水期和丰水期水样4 151份,供水水源以地面水为主,完全处理工艺的工程数占63.10%,沉淀过滤的工程数占27.04%,单纯只采取消毒措施的工程数占5.62%,未处理的工程数占4.24%;丰水期出厂水和末梢水的水质合格率分别为46.6%和42.5%,枯水期出厂水和末梢水水质合格率分别为46.1%和47.2%;在不同水处理工艺的供水水质中,完全水处理工艺的供水水质明显高于沉淀过滤、单纯只采取消毒措施和未处理的供水水质。结论微生物污染是影响农村饮用水水质的主要因素,加强供水运行管理、水质消毒和确保消毒效果将较大幅度提高水质合格率。Objectives To understand the sanitary quality and dynamic state of drinking water in rural areas of Chongqing,and provide data and basis for improving the quality of drinking water supply. Methods Sanitary survey and quality analysis on drinking water supply was carried out according to the 2014 National Monitoring Scheme for the Quality of Rural Drinking Water. Results A total of 943 water works were surveyed and 4 154 water samples collected in the dry and rainy seasons were analyzed. The main water source was surface water. The treatment processes of water in water works were different,completely treated,precipitated and filtrated,only disinfected or untreated waters were 63. 10%,27. 04%,5. 62% and 4. 24%,respectively. The qualified rates for finished water and terminal piped water were 46. 6% and 42. 5%,respectively. The qualified rates of water in the dry and rainy seasons were 46. 1% and 47. 2%,respectively. The qualified rate for water works with completed water treatment process showed markedly higher. Conclusions Microbiological contamination was the main factor influencing the quality of water supplies in rural areas. Strengthening the management,operation and treatment processes of water works,and ensuring the efficacy of water disinfection will substantially promote the qualified rate of drinking water in rural areas.

关 键 词：农村 饮用水 水质卫生 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]