急性低频区感音神经性听力损失临床特征分析  

Clinical characteristics of acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss

作　　者：袁佛良 魏凡钦[2] 肖志文[2] 刘天润[2] 张帅[2] 张官萍[2] 

机构地区：[1]广东省深圳市光明新区人民医院 [2]中山大学附属第六医院

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2016年第1期49-52,共4页Chinese Journal of Otology

摘　　要：目的总结急性低频区感音神经性听力损失(acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss ALHL)的临床特征,并对非典型特征性病例进行分析,探索其发病的特异性,以降低漏诊率。方法回顾性分析2009年8月至2014年7月在中山大学附属第六医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科接受诊治的58例(59耳)ALHL患者的临床资料和特征,并对合并有陈旧性高频听力下降(老年性或其他原因所致)的患者进行分析。结果本组患者发病年龄为16-66岁,其中20-45岁之间患者占67.24%;男女发病率比为1:2.05;单耳多见(占98.28%)。本组患者中总治愈率为71.19%,总有效率为93.22%。随访3月-36月,4例复发。结论 ALHL多见于中青年,单耳为主,女性发病率较高,部分患者无自觉听力下降,仅表现为低频性耳鸣、耳部堵塞或闷胀感。临床诊断中应将争合并有与年龄相关的高频听力下降的老年患者及合并有陈旧性高频听力下降的患者纳入,以降低漏诊率。ALHL预后较好,有自愈倾向,但有复发的可能,应加强追踪随访。Objective To report clinical features of acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss （ALHL） as well as atypi- cal cases in an attempt to understand the pathogeneses and lower the rate of misdiagnosis. Methods Clinical data and fea- tures of 58 patients （59 ears） with ALHL who were diagnosed and treated in the Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery of the Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from August 2009 to July 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. Data from patients with age-related high-frequency hearing loss or chronic high-frequency hearing loss from oth- er causes were also reviewed. Results The age of ALHL patients ranged from 16 to 66 years （67.24% between 20 to 45 years）; with a male to female ratio of 1：2.05. Single ear was involved in most patients （98.28%）. The rate of complete recov- ery was 71.19% and the total effective rate was 93.22%. There were 4 recurrences during the 3 -36 months follow up. Con- clusions ALHL seems to more commonly affect single ear in middle-aged females. Some ALHL patients may not notice hearing loss, but only complain of low-pitched tinnitus and ear blockage or fullness feelings. In order to reduce the rate of misdiagnosis, differentials should include ALHL for patients with age-related high-frequency hearing loss and patients with previous high-frequency hearing loss. ALHL generally carries a good prognosis and a self-limiting tendency, although there may also be the possibility of recurrence. Careful follow-up is therefore important.

关 键 词：急性 低频 感音神经性听力损失 临床特征 听力学 

分 类 号：R764.4[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]