迷路瘘管反复发作性眩晕动物模型的建立  

An animal model of recurrent vertigo caused by labyrinthine fistula

作　　者：饶秀丽[1] 尹时华[1] 侯涛[1] 朱子昂[1] 龙吉[1] 

机构地区：[1]广西医科大学第一附属医院耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,南宁530021

出　　处：《中华耳科学杂志》2016年第1期111-114,共4页Chinese Journal of Otology

基　　金：广西自然科学基金2015GXNSFAA414004~~

摘　　要：目的 建立豚鼠迷路瘘管导致的反复发作的眩晕模型,用于后续探讨反复发作性眩晕的前庭代偿机制。方法选取成年实验用豚鼠30只,随机分为A、B、C三组。A组为单侧迷路破坏组,B组为迷路瘘管＋术耳鼓气耳镜鼓气组,C组为单纯迷路瘘管组。三组分别进行手术,动物苏醒出现单侧前庭功能紊乱症状后（以此记为术后零时）,A、C组作为对照组不做处理,B组用鼓气耳镜适当的增加患耳外耳道内的压力,每天1次。分别于术后0h、24h、48h、1w、2w、3w等不同时间段记录三组动物的失衡症状即自发性眼震频率、头偏斜及失衡行为评分。结果 通过对动物自发性眼震、头偏斜及失衡行为评分的定量观察,可知同一时间段（除Oh外）各失衡症状B组与其他两组有显著性差异。同组内自发性眼震、头偏斜和失衡行为评分在各个时间段之间均有差异,各时间段失衡症状随着时间推移逐渐减轻直至消失,B组减轻程度不及其他两组。至术后48h,三组均已无自发性眼震,B组用鼓气耳镜给术耳外耳道适当鼓气仍可出现（5～6次/15秒）的眼震,其他两组无。至术后2w,A、C两组各失衡症状均已不存在,B组仍存在头偏斜等失衡症状,用鼓气耳镜给术耳外耳道适当鼓气仍可出现（5～6次/15秒）的眼震。这种现象直到术后3w还存在。结论 1.制造迷路瘘管并且用鼓气耳镜适当增加术耳外耳道压力方法可建立眩晕动物模型;2.本实验建立的眩晕动物模型通过诱发眩晕可反复发作。Objective To produce a model of recurrent vertigo caused by labyrinthine fistula using guinea pigs that can be used to study mechanisms of vestibular compensation in recurrent vertigo. Methods Thirty adult guinea pigs were randomly divided into three groups to receive unilateral labyrinthectomy （group A）, labyrinthine fistula simulation and pneumatic otoscopy treatment （group B） or labyrinthine fistula simulation only （group C）. The treatment in group B involved applying pressure to the external auditory canal once a day. Imbalance indicators were observed and recorded at postoperative Oh, 24h, 48h, lw, 2w and 3w respectively, including frequency of spontaneous nystagmus, head deviation and imbalance behavior scores. Results Imbalance indicators in group B were significantly different compared with other groups at all same time points, except Oh. Within the same group, imbalances symptoms gradually reduced over time and eventually disappeared, although the change in group B was not as dramatic as in the other two groups. At 48 hours after surgery, spontaneous nystagmus had stopped in all three groups, although nystagmus was still detectable in group B upon applying pressure in the external auditory canal of the operation ear （5-6 beats/15 seconds）. Two weeks after surgery, imbalance symptoms in groups A and C were no more present, but head deviation and other imbalance symptoms could still be observed in group B, with continued nystagmus （5-6 beats/15 seconds） on external auditory canal pressure, which persisted until three weeks after surgery. Conclusion 1. Labyrinthine fistula simulation with ear canal pressure via pneumatic otoscopy can be used to produce a model of vertigo in guinea pigs. 2. Recurrent/persistent vertigo can be produced in this model of vertigo.

关 键 词：反复发作性眩晕 迷路瘘管 前庭代偿 豚鼠 

分 类 号：R764.34[医药卫生—耳鼻咽喉科]