未婚妊娠女性心理状况及人工流产决定过程  

Psychologic status,barriers and help-seeking behaviors during decisionmaking for induced abortion among unmarried pregnant women in three cities of China

作　　者：楼超华[1] 左霞云[1] 尹逊丽[1] 余春艳[1] 王子亮[1] 王金桃[2] 崔念[3] 涂晓雯[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学生殖与发育研究院上海市计划生育科学研究所国家人口计生委计划生育药具重点实验室,上海200032 [2]山西医科大学公共卫生学院 [3]成都中医药大学

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2016年第3期262-265,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：世界卫生组织项目(A65494);上海市人口和计划生育委员会局管科技发展基金(2013JG04)

摘　　要：目的了解未婚妊娠女性人流前的心理状况、决定和实施人工流产过程中的顾虑、困难以及求助/支持情况。方法对在上海、成都和太原3个城市不同等级医院内寻求人工流产的1 271名<25岁未婚女性进行问卷调查。结果 78.84%的对象在怀疑自己怀孕后感到紧张、害怕、焦虑和抑郁,68.51%在做人工流产决定中遇到困难,缺乏基本的性与生殖健康知识和对现有的服务不了解是原因之一;除将怀孕情况告诉男友外(92.20%),对象求助较多的还有其同事/同乡/朋友(43.90%)和网络/电视(30.70%);86.23%的对象参与了做人工流产的决定,但男友参与做决定的比例仅42.17%,父母参与的比例仅8.65%;上海、成都和太原对象对怀孕持无所谓心态的比例分别为10.07%、3.61%和5.87%(χ2=14.88,P=0.001),求助于父母的比例分别为32.86%、23.08%和15.96%(χ2=45.33,P=0.000),父母参与人工流产决定的比例分别为15.38%、6.49%和3.99%(χ2=38.76,P=0.000),父母陪同去医院的比例分别为12.15%、6.23%和5.63%(χ2=14.87,P=0.001),上海均高于成都和太原,而太原对象认为做人工流产决定容易的比例(39.20%)高于上海(20.79%)和太原(20.72%)(χ2=66.77,P=0.000)。结论未婚人工流产女性在怀孕后普遍陷入不良的心理状态,在做人工流产决定时存在顾虑和困难;提高她们对性知识和人工流产服务信息的了解可减轻怀孕事件对其身心的不良影响。Objective To examine psychologic status,barriers and help-seeking behaviors during decision-making process for induced abortion among unmarried pregnant women in China. Methods An anonymous questionnaire survey was conducted among 1 271 unmarried women aged below25 years,visiting hospitals for induced abortion in Shanghai,Chengdu or Taiyuan city. Results Of the participants,78. 84% were nervous,anxiety or depression in considering their probable pregnancy and 68. 51% reported difficulties during making the decision of induced abortion,mainly because of lacking related knowledge and service information. Among the participants,92. 20% reported seeking help from their boyfriends,43. 90% from their friends,colleagues,or townees,and 30. 70% from television and internet; the proportion of the involvement in the induced abortion decision-making was 86. 23% for the participants themselves,42. 17% for their boyfriends,and only 8. 65% for their parents. Significant differences existed among the participants from Shanghai,Chengdu,and Taiyuan in the reported proportions of indifferent attitude of themselves towards the unplanned pregnancy（ 10. 07%,3. 61%,and 5. 87%; χ2= 14. 88,P = 0. 001）,seeking help from their parents（ 32. 86%,23. 08%,and15. 96%; χ2= 45. 33,P = 0. 000）,the involvement of their parents in the induced abortion decision-making（ 15. 38%,6. 49%,and 3. 99%; χ2= 38. 76,P = 0. 000）,and being accompanied by their parents during seeking medical service（ 12. 15%,6. 23%,and 5. 63%; χ2= 14. 87,P = 0. 001）. The participants from Taiyuan city reported a significantly higher proportion（ 39. 20%） for considering the induced abortion decision-making being easy compared to those from Shanghai（ 20. 79%） and Chengdu（ 20. 72%）（ χ2= 66. 77,P = 0. 000）. Conclusion Many unmarried women would fall into distressed emotional state in considering their probable pregnancy and had difficulty during making the decision of induced abortion. Providing sexual knowledge and abortion-related service inform

关 键 词：未婚妊娠 人工流产决定 心理状况 求助行为 

分 类 号：R173[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]