DDI/IPDI固化聚氨酯力学性能及其在PBX炸药中的应用  

Mechanical Properties of Polyurethane Cured by DDI/IPDI and its Application in PBX

作　　者：郑保辉[1] 关立峰[1] 李玉斌[1] 罗观[1] 刘绪望[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621999

出　　处：《含能材料》2016年第3期219-225,共7页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国防基础科研计划重大专项(C1520110001);化工材料研究所科技专项(KJZX-2014-04)

摘　　要：研究了新型混合固化剂二聚脂肪酸二异氰酸酯(DDI)/异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI)固化端羟基聚丁二烯(HTPB)基聚氨酯的力学性能及其在PBX炸药中的应用。结果表明,当混合固化剂中DDI与IPDI的异氰酸酯基(NCO)的摩尔比为1/3时,HTPB基聚氨酯的拉伸强度和延伸率达到最大值(0.427 MPa和579.9%)。当DDI与IPDI的NCO摩尔比为1/1时,聚氨酯的压缩失效载荷最高。DDI/IPDI固化的HTPB基聚氨酯的延伸率是甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)固化聚氨酯的2.51倍。DDI/IPDI固化的PBX炸药的压缩率比使用TDI提高57.3%。使用DDI/IPDI时,PBX药片撞击感度试验和药片剪切试验的反应阈值提高了0.25 m以上,PBX的撞击安全性得到改善。The mechanical properties of hydroxyl terminated polyisobutylene（ HTPB）-based polyurethane cured by a new mixed curing agent composed of isophorone diisocyanate （IPDI） and dimeryl diisocyanate （DDI） and its application in PBX were stud- ied. Results show that when the molar ratio of isocyanate group （NCO） in the mixture of DDI/IPDI is 1/3, the tensile strength and elongation of HTPB-based polyurethane reach the maximum value of 0.427 MPa and 579.9%. When the molar ratio of NCO in DDI and IPDI is 1/1 , the compressive failure load of polyurethane reaches the maximum. The elongation of HTPB-based polyu- rethane cured by DDI/IPDI is 2.51 times greater than that of HTPB-based polyurethane cured by toluene diisocyanate （TDI）. In comparison with the compression ratio of HTPB-based polyurethane cured by TDI, the compression ratio of HTPB-based polyure- thane cured by DDI/IPDI increases by 57.3%. The critical response threshold of impact sensitivity test and shear test for PBX tab- lets cured by DDII/PDI increases more than 0.25 m, indicating that the impact safety of PBX is improved.

关 键 词：高聚物黏结炸药(PBX) 聚氨酯 固化剂 力学性能 二聚脂肪酸二异氰酸酯(DDI) 异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯(IPDI) 

分 类 号：TQ560.1[化学工程—炸药化工]