甘蔗切割器螺旋提升机构输送性能分析与改进  

Analysis and improvement of transportation performance of sugarcane cutter spiral lifting mechanism

作　　者：李尚平[1,2] 邓雄[2] 叶才福[2] 王海波[2] 沈中华[3] 

机构地区：[1]广西民族大学化学化工学院,南宁530008 [2]广西大学机械工程学院,南宁530004 [3]桂林理工大学机械与控制工程学院,桂林541004

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2016年第5期21-28,共8页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51465006)

摘　　要：为改善甘蔗收割机物流系统的堵塞问题,以切割器螺旋提升机构为主要研究对象,通过仿真模拟分析与试验研究手段,探讨了摩擦系数等因素对甘蔗物流堵塞的影响,通过UG和ADAMS建立虚拟样机仿真模型,仿真结果表明,增大螺旋的摩擦系数可以提高甘蔗的输送速度,减少甘蔗平均滞留时间。高速摄影试验表明,螺旋选用摩擦系数大的轮胎胶作为覆盖层时、当切割器转速在750 r/min左右时,甘蔗的滞留时间较原钢筋螺旋缩短了17%左右,可以改进切割器物流系统堵塞问题。基于上述机理,设计了平面螺旋结构,其与甘蔗的接触方式由原来的点接触变为线接触,仿真分析表明,面宽为20 mm的螺旋与原圆柱型螺旋相比,甘蔗滞留时间缩短了32%,说明平面螺旋可以有效地抑制前端输送系统的堵塞现象;适当加宽螺旋提升机构的面宽有利于减少甘蔗滞留时间,单位时间内甘蔗输送更快、更稳定。该研究为后续试验研究及物理样机的改进设计提供了参考。In order to improve the blocking issue of logistics system in sugarcane harvester, by the methods of simulation analysis and experimental research, the cutter spiral lifting mechanism and the effects of friction coefficient and working parameters on the sugarcane material flow were studied and discussed. The average residence time of sugarcane in the transmission device of the screw conveyor was considered as test index and the virtual prototype simulation model was established by the software ADAMS and Unigraphics. Simulation results indicated that increasing friction coefficient of cutter spiral lifting mechanism could improve the delivery rate of the sugarcane and effectively inhibit the clogging problem. The high-speed photography results of experimental prototype showed that while a tyre rubber with high friction coefficient was used as the covering layer for the cutter spiral lifting mechanism and the cutter speed was about 750 r/min, the retention time of sugarcane was shortened by 17% compared to original rebar spiral lifting mechanism. This characteristic could improve the congestion problem of logistics system, and verify that the friction coefficient was exactly the main affecting factor. Based on this principle, this paper worked out the structure improvement of the cutter spiral lifting mechanism. The helical circular cross section was changed into a helical rectangular cross section, which made the contact way of the cutter spiral lifting mechanism and sugarcane change from point contact originally to line contact. The computer simulation experiments under different structures＇ transmission speed, displacement, force and so on were conducted, and the analysis indicated that for the 20 mm cutter spiral lifting mechanism that was improved, the sugarcane residence time was shortened by 32% comparing with the original cylindrical spiral. Meanwhile, after the sugarcane head entered the spirals, the loading time from the spiral to the sugarcane head relatively decreased and the time of the loading proce

关 键 词：农业机械 计算机仿真 农作物 甘蔗收割机 物流 堵塞 摩擦系数 试验 

分 类 号：S225.53[农业科学—农业机械化工程]