中国伞形科棱子芹属果实微形态及其分类学研究  

Taxonomy of Pleurospermum(Apiaceae)species in China based on micromorphology of fruit

作　　者：魏雪莹[1] 刘玫[1] 茹剑[1] 王宇婷[1] 王超群[1] 郭诗琪[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学生命科学与技术学院,黑龙江省普通高等学校植物生物学重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150025

出　　处：《草业学报》2016年第4期111-120,共10页Acta Prataculturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31270235及31070169)资助

摘　　要：本文利用光镜首次深入研究了中国伞形科棱子芹属21种植物果实的微形态(包括翅,外果皮,中果皮,维管束,油管,结合面,胚乳及结晶)。结果显示,棱子芹属不同物种果实结构变化较大,可分为3组:组1(喜马拉雅棱子芹等3种)和组2(归叶棱子芹等7种)翅非波状,外果皮细胞外壁平滑,与中果皮不易分离,但球状结晶仅存在于组1。组3(松潘棱子芹等11种)翅缘波状,外果皮具瘤突,且细胞外壁向外突起,易与中果皮分离,中果皮无结晶。果实微形态为分子系统学揭示的棱子芹属是复系的,喜马拉雅棱子芹和云南棱子芹亲缘关系较近,松潘棱子芹及翼叶棱子芹等物种应移入棱子芹族提供了形态学依据,并为进一步研究世界棱子芹属及其相关类群提供了形态学基础。The micromorphology of the fruits of 21 species of Pleurospermum（Apiaceae）was evaluated for the first time in this study.The wing,exocarp,mesocarp,vascular bundle,secretory duct,commissure,endosperm,and crystals of the fruits of 21 Pleurospermum species were observed under a light microscope.The structure of Pleurospermumfruits varied greatly and the studied taxa could be divided into three groups.In group one（three taxa including P.hookeri）and group two（seven taxa including P.angelicoides）,the wing margins were not wavy,the outer walls of the exocarp were flat,and the exocarp was difficult to separate from the mesocarp.Spherical crystals were present in the mesocarp in group one but not group two.In group three（11taxa including P.franchetianum）,the wing margins were wavy,the outer walls of the exocarp bulged,and the exocarp was easily separated from the mesocarp.There were no spherical crystals in the mesocarp of group three.These analyses of the micromorphology of fruits confirmed that the genus Pleurospermumis polyphyletic,that there is a close relationship between P.hookeri and P.yunnanense,and provided evidence to support the placement of P.decurrens,P.franchetianum,and related taxa into the tribe Pleurospermumeae.The results of this study also provide morphological data for further research on this genus and related taxa.

关 键 词：棱子芹属 果实 翅 伞形科 分类学 

分 类 号：Q944.59[生物学—植物学] Q949