压水堆^3H源项计算分析  

Calculation Analysis of Tritium Source Term in PWR

作　　者：陈海英 张春明 王韶伟 李怀斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]环境保护部核与辐射安全中心,北京100142 [2]上海核工程研究设计院,上海200233

出　　处：《原子能科学技术》2016年第3期459-463,共5页Atomic Energy Science and Technology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项资助项目(2011ZX06002-010;2013ZX06002001)

摘　　要：对压水堆中氚的产生和消减机理进行了研究。根据一回路冷却剂中氚的代谢机制建立氚计算模型,分析了压水堆各途径对氚的产生量贡献及7 Li纯度对锂产氚量的影响。结果表明:计算模型详细考虑了产生氚的核素随时间的衰减变化,计算的氚产生量为52.08TBq/a。压水堆一回路冷却剂中的氚主要来源于可溶硼的中子活化反应、铀核的三元裂变,对氚产生量的贡献达90%以上,7 Li纯度为99.9%时锂产氚量占总量的7.45%,其他途径对氚的产生量贡献很小,可忽略。锂产氚量的贡献随着7 Li纯度的升高而线性减小。研究结果可为压水堆氚源项的计算提供参考。The mechanism of tritium production and reduction in primary coolant of pressurized water reactor（PWR）was studied.The tritium calculation models were established based on tritium metabolism.The contribution of various ways to generate tritium was calculated and the influence of 7Li purity on tritium production was analyzed.The results show that the optimization models consider in detail the change of nuclides concentration from which tritium nuclides are produced with time,and the tritium production is 52.08 TBq/a.The tritium nuclides in PWR primary coolant are mainly from the activation reaction of soluble boron by absorbing neutron and the ternary fission of uranium,which contribute more than 90%.When the purity of 7Li is99.9%,the tritium produced from lithium accounts for 7.45%.Other ways produce a small amount of tritium which can be ignored.The contribution of lithium decreases linearly when the purity of 7Li increases.The research results could provide a reference for the calculation of tritium source term of PWR.

关 键 词：压水堆 中子活化反应 硼 锂 氚 

分 类 号：TL92[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料]