在车对车碰撞条件下轿车斜角碰撞及小重叠碰撞的驾驶员损伤研究  

A Study on Driver Injury in Oblique and Small Overlap Crashes Under Car to Car Collision

作　　者：曹立波[1] 张萍[1] 颜凌波[1,2] 张恺[1] 谢飞[2] 乐中耀[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学,汽车车身先进设计制造国家重点实验室,长沙410082 [2]汽车噪声振动和安全技术国家重点实验室,重庆400039

出　　处：《汽车工程》2016年第2期174-180,共7页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：国家863计划(2012AA111802);博士后基金项目(2014M552313)资助

摘　　要：为探究驾驶员在斜角碰撞和小重叠碰撞中的损伤风险,利用某经过验证的丰田Yaris整车模型,建立了100%正面碰撞、40%偏置碰撞、25%偏置碰撞和左侧30°斜角碰撞的LS-DYNA车与车碰撞模型,并根据试验数据建立了MADYMO驾驶员约束系统模型,和进行模型的验证。利用所组成的碰撞模型开展了被碰车与碰撞车上假人在以上4种碰撞中的损伤仿真。结果表明,车与车左侧30°斜角碰撞是一种非常危险的工况,尤其可能使驾驶员产生较大的下肢损伤;被碰车的驾驶员容易产生较大的颈部损伤;而总的来说,在4种碰撞工况中,小重叠碰撞导致的驾驶员损伤最小。For exploring the injury risk of driver in oblique crash and small overlap crash,a vehicle model for Toyota Yaris validated is used to develop car to car head-on collision models for four different conditions（ full frontal crash,offset crashes with 40% and 25% overlaps and 30° oblique crash） with LS-DYNA and a model for driver restraint system with MADYMO,which is also verified by test. Then the complete colision model is composed and used to conduct a dummy injury simulation on both cars involved in above-mentioned four impact conditions.The results show that the 30° oblique crash is a very risky condition,being prone to cause more severe injury of driver,in particular,on lower extremities,and on neck for the driver of subject car. By and large,driver will sustain the least severe injury in an offset crash with 25% overlap among four impact conditions.

关 键 词：正面碰撞 偏置碰撞 斜角碰撞 小重叠碰撞 驾驶员损伤 

分 类 号：U491.3[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] U467.14[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]