涪陵区托幼机构2岁～5岁儿童麻疹、风疹、流行性腮腺炎抗体监测  

Surveillance on the antibody level of measles,rubella and mumps among children aged 2-5 years old in nurseries and kindergartens of Fuling district

作　　者：张仁平[1] 杨帆[1] 杨德明[1] 田应桥 曹勇[1] 康晓丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆市涪陵区疾病预防控制中心,重庆408000

出　　处：《中国卫生检验杂志》2016年第6期852-854,共3页Chinese Journal of Health Laboratory Technology

基　　金：重庆市涪陵区科技计划项目(FLKJ;2015ABB1091)

摘　　要：目的分析重庆市涪陵区托幼机构2岁-5岁儿童的麻疹、风疹和流行性腮腺炎的抗体水平,为该区学龄前儿童的疾病防控提供科学依据。方法随机整群抽取涪陵区5个不同方位监测点1 051名托幼机构儿童全血,采用酶联免疫吸附试验检测麻疹、风疹和流行性腮腺炎Ig G抗体,进行分析。结果 1 051名儿童中麻疹、风疹、流行性腮腺炎抗体阳性率分别为93.34%（981/1 051）、91.25%（959/1 051）、89.06%（936/1 051）。不同年龄组间麻疹、风疹和流行性腮腺炎抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为23.876、30.987、19.697,P〈0.01）;不同方位监测点间麻疹、风疹和流行性腮腺炎抗体阳性率差异均有统计学意义（χ^2值分别为26.862、19.593、68.404,P〈0.01）;城区和乡镇儿童间流行性腮腺炎抗体阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ^2=20.926,P〈0.01）。结论涪陵区托幼机构儿童麻疹、风疹和流行性腮腺炎抗体阳性率整体较高,相关疾病流行与暴发的风险较低,但仍需要重点关注较薄弱乡镇的疫苗接种工作,尤其应推广含流行性腮腺炎病毒成分疫苗的免疫接种。Objective To analye the antibody levels of measles,rubella and mumps among children aged 2- 5 years old in Fuling district of Chongqing,so as to provide reference for making measures for disease prevention and control of preschool children in this district. Methods Blood samples of 1 051 children in childcare facilities were selected randomly in cluster sampling method from 5 different azimuth,the antibodies of measles,rubella and mumps were determined by using of ELISA method.Results Among 1 051 children,the total positive rate of measles,rubella and mumps were 93. 34%（ 981 /1 051）,91. 25%（ 959 /1 051）,89. 06%（ 936 /1 051）. Difference on the positive rates of measles,rubella and mumps antibodies between different age groups had statistical significance（ χ^2= 23. 876,30. 987,19. 697,P〈0. 01）; and that between different monitoring places had statistical significance（ χ^2= 26. 862,19. 593,68. 404,P〈0. 01）; and that between urban area and township had statistical significance（ χ^2= 20. 926,P〈0. 01）. Conclusion The positive rate of measles,rubella and mumps antibodies among preschool children in Fuling distrct of Chongqing remains generally at a high level,and the popularity of the three diseases had a lower risk,but we should focus on the vaccination of relatively weak villages and towns,especially should promote the immunity of mumps- virus- containing vaccine.

关 键 词：麻疹 风疹 流行性腮腺炎 抗体 监测 

分 类 号：R373.16[医药卫生—病原生物学]