基于水生态保护目标的河道内生态需水量研究  

Aquatic ecosystem protection objective-based study on eco-water demand of river channel

作　　者：王秀英[1] 白音包力皋[1] 许凤冉[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验室,北京100038

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2016年第2期63-68,72,共7页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：中国水科院科研专项(HY0145C182014)

摘　　要：生态水力学法计算生态需水量需要依据河流生境特征、水生生物保护目标对生境的需求等实际情况灵活应用。本文以楠溪江干流河道内生态需水量计算为例,分析自然条件下生境条件与标准推荐方法的差别,探讨针对水生态保护目标的河道内生态需水量综合确定的思路和方法。楠溪江干流水文情势、河势河型较为稳定,是洄游性鱼类香鱼的重要栖息地,生态需水量除可参照水文学、水力学方法确定外,还应分时段、分河段考虑香鱼洄游对水流条件的需求。本文提出的生态需水量以维持良好生境条件为目标,以满足基本生态需求为基础,可为流域水资源开发利用提供参考。By taking the calculation on the eco-water demand of the mainstream channel of Nanxijiang River as the study case,the difference between the natural habitat condition and the result from the standard recommended method is analyzed,while the idea and method for the comprehensive determination of the eco-water demand of the river channel for the aquatic ecosystem protection objective is explored as well. The result shows that both the hydrological regime and the river regime and pattern of the mainstream of Nanxijiang River are more stable,thus it is an important habitat for the migratory fish—Plecoglossus altivelis; for which the eco-water demand must be determined under the consideration of the demand from the migration of Plecoglossus altivelis by different time periods and river reaches in addition to referring to the hydrological and hydraulics methods. The eco-water demand proposed herein takes the maintenance of a better habitat condition as its objective and lays a basis for meeting the basic eco-demand concerned,and then can provide reference for the development and utilization of the water resources within the watershed of the river.

关 键 词：生态需水量 生态水力学法 生境模拟 香鱼 

分 类 号：Q148[生物学—生态学]