固沙植被土壤水分动态及其对降雨的响应  

Soil water dynamics of sand fixation vegetations and the responses to precipitation

作　　者：闫德仁[1] 黄海广[1] 胡小龙[1] 袁立敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古林业科学研究院,呼和浩特010010

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2016年第4期85-89,共5页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑课题(2012BAD16B0204);多伦生态站项目资助

摘　　要：水分是影响固沙植被生长发育的最重要的限制因素,同时也是沙漠环境中最容易受到影响的生态因子。因此,定位观测研究流动沙地建立固沙植被后土壤水分变化具有重要的现实意义。文中采用Watchdog土壤水分自动监测系统,定位定时记录了7月1日-10月31日期间杨柴固沙林、固定沙丘天然草地和流动沙丘土壤体积含水量数值。结果表明:相同降水量条件下,不同固沙植被土壤重力水湿润深度存在明显差异。5.33mm降雨时流动沙丘水分湿润深度小于20cm,13.97mm降雨时水分湿润深度达40cm,30.3mm降雨时水分湿润深度达80cm,40.3mm降雨时水分湿润深度达120cm。而30.3mm及以下降雨时杨柴固沙林和天然草地植被土壤水的湿润深度小于40cm;40.3mm降雨时杨柴固沙林地水分湿润深度达80cm,天然草地植被水分湿润深度达120cm。植物生长季流动沙地土壤水分状况最好。流动沙丘20cm、40cm、80cm和120cm土层含水量平均值分别为2.15%、2.42%、1.96%和2.94%;而杨柴固沙林和天然草地植被下土壤水分状况明显不良,特别是80cm土层以下土壤水分状况明显恶化。杨柴固沙林生长期20cm、40cm、80cm和120cm土层含水量平均值分别为1.89%、1.67%、0.81%和1.08%;天然草地植被生长期20cm、40cm、80cm和120cm土层含水量平均值分别为2.34%、1.96%、1.02%和1.43%。In this research watchdog soil moisture automatic monitoring system were used to record the soil volumetric water contents in Hedysarum laeve plantation,fixation sand dune natural grassland and moving sand dune,respectively. The results showed that soil gravity water infiltration depth was significant differences in difference vegetations under the same precipitation. When precipitation was 5. 33 mm the water infiltration depth was less than 20 cm soil layer in moving sand dune; when precipitation was 13. 97 mm the water infiltration depth was40cm; when precipitation was 30. 3mm the water infiltration depth was 80cm; when precipitation was 40. 3mm the water infiltration depth was120 cm. But when the precipitation was 30. 3mm or less than 30. 3mm the water infiltration depth was less than 40 cm in Hedysarum laeve Maxim plantation,fixation sand dune natural grassland,respectively. When precipitation was 40. 3mm water infiltration depth was 80 cm in Hedysarum laeve plantation,and water infiltration depth was 120 cm in fixation sand dune natural grassland. Soil water content was higher in moving sand dune during the growing season. Soil water content was significantly decreased with the soil depth increase,especially at 80 cm soil layer the water content was very low and showed significant deterioration in Hedysarum laeve plantation and fixation sand dune natural grass land.

关 键 词：浑善达克沙地 固沙植被 土壤水分动态 降水量 重力水湿润深度 

分 类 号：S152.75[农业科学—土壤学]