陕西传统民居景观的地域分异及形成机制  

The regional difference and formation mechanism of residential landscape in Shaanxi

作　　者：祁剑青[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北历史环境与经济社会发展研究院,西安710062

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2016年第4期184-189,共6页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：十二五国家科技支撑计划(2013BAJ10B08)资助

摘　　要：陕西传统民居景观多样,存在明显的地域分异。陕北黄土高原丘陵沟壑地带多靠崖窑,平川地区有锢窑与瓦房分布;关中平原窄四合院与地坑院并存;陕南山地复杂的地形地貌伴以合院、夯土房、石片房、吊脚楼等多样的民居类型。地形地貌制约着陕西传统民居的分布,风雨、温度等气候要素的影响在民居院落朝向、屋顶型制、山墙厚度、门窗大小等方面皆有反映。传统社会的礼制思想、风水文化在陕西传统民居的平面布局、空间处理等方面均有体现。文化扩散与整合、经济发展水平在民居细部装饰上表现突出。From the view of cultural geography,many traditional dwellings exist obviously regional difference in Shaanxi Province. In the northern Shaanxi,the cave dwellings distribute in Loess Plateau hilly and gully region,whereas the houses mainly distribute in the plain area. Residential quadrangles and narrow pits appear in Guanzhong Plain. In the southern Shaanxi,there are various dwellings because of the complex terrain in mountains. The distribution of traditional houses in Shaanxi is restricted by the topography. The wind,rain,temperature and other climatic factors affect the courtyard roof type,orientation,thickness,size of the gable windows.The traditional social etiquette ideology,geomantic culture processing are reflected on the layout and space of Shaanxi traditional dwellings. Cultural diffusion and integration,and the level of economic development are quite prominent in the residential detail decoration.

关 键 词：传统民居 地理环境 形成机制 陕西 

分 类 号：K901[历史地理—人文地理学]