基于ITS和ndhF-rpl32序列的荞麦种间亲缘关系分析  

Genetic relationships of buckwheat species based on the sequence analysis of ITS and ndh F-rpl32

作　　者：胡亚妮[1,2] 张宗文[2,3] 吴斌[2] 高佳[2] 李艳琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西大学生物技术研究所,太原030006 [2]中国农业科学院作物科学研究所,北京100081 [3]国际生物多样性中心中国办事处,北京100081

出　　处：《生物多样性》2016年第3期296-303,共8页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：特色小宗作物种质资源发掘与创新利用(2013BAD01B05-2);作物种质资源保护与利用专项(2014NWB030-06)

摘　　要：荞麦起源于我国,演化形成了丰富的物种和遗传多样性。为了有效研究和利用荞麦及其野生种资源,以从四川、甘肃、贵州等地采集的荞麦属(Fagopyrum)10个种(含变种、亚种和复合体种)共71份材料为对象,通过ITS和叶绿体ndh F-rpl32序列分析,利用MEGA5.0构建系统进化树,探讨了荞麦种内及种间亲缘关系。结果表明,在ITS序列矩阵中,序列长度为725 bp,信息位点为150个,占序列总长度的20.7%;在ndh F-rpl32序列矩阵中,序列长度为940 bp,信息位点为158个,占序列总长度的16.8%。由ITS序列和ndh F-rpl32序列构建的两个进化树都可以将71份材料分为大粒荞麦种组和小粒荞麦种组;其中,大粒荞麦种组包括栽培苦荞和米苦荞(F.tataricum)、金荞复合体(F.cymosum complex)、栽培甜荞(F.esculentum)和野生甜荞(F.esculentum ssp.ancestralis);小粒荞麦种组包括齿翅野荞(F.gracilipes var.odontopterum)、疏穗小野荞(F.leptopodum var.grossii)、小野荞(F.leptopodum)、密毛野荞(F.densovillosum)、细柄野荞(F.gracilipes)和硬枝万年荞(F.urophyllum)。而ndh F-rpl32序列构建的系统发育树还能区分栽培甜荞和野生甜荞,具有更好的聚类效果。另外,与栽培甜荞相比,金荞复合体与栽培苦荞的亲缘关系更近。该研究为荞麦属种的分类和条形码研究提供了一定的科学依据。Buckwheat was originated in China and evolved into abundant species and genetic diversity. In order to effectively use germplasm resources of buckwheat and its wild relatives, the genetic relationships of buckwheat species were analyzed on 71 Fagopyrum samples including 10 species（subspecies, varieties and complex）, which were collected mainly from Sichuan, Guizhou and Gansu provinces. Through the analysis of ITS and ndh F-rpl32 sequences and the construction of phylogenetic trees, the inter- and intra-specific relationships of these species were discussed. Results showed that the sequence length of ITS was 725 bp in the matrix, while the parsimony informative sites was 150, accounting for 20.7% of the total length. In the matrix of ndh F-rpl32 sequence, the length was 940 bp, while the parsimony informative sites was 158, accounting for 16.8% of total length. On one hand, the phylogenetic trees based on both ITS and ndh F-rpl32 sequencing data clearly separated the big-achene-group buckwheat（F. tataricum, F. cymosum complex, F. esculentum and F. esculentum ssp. ancestralis） from the small-achene-group buckwheat（F. gracilipes var. odontopterum, F. leptopodum var. grossii, F. leptopodum, F. densovillosum, F. gracilipes, and F. urophyllum）. On the other hand, the phylogenetic tree based on ndh F-rpl32 sequences can be used to distinguish F. esculentum ssp. ancestralis and F. esculentum, which indicated that the ndh F-rpl32 sequence was more effective in analyzing the phylogenetic relationships of buckwheat species. These results provide a scientific basis for studies of taxonomy and establishing barcodes of Fagopyrum species.

关 键 词：FAGOPYRUM 亲缘关系 ITS ndh F-rpl32 

分 类 号：S517[农业科学—作物学]