基于DNA条形码技术对浙江省外来入侵福寿螺进行分子鉴定  

Molecular identification of invasive golden apple snails in Zhejiang Province based on DNA barcoding

作　　者：杨倩倩[1] 刘苏汶 茹炜岽 刘光富[1] 俞晓平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省生物计量及检验检疫技术重点实验室,中国计量学院生命科学学院,杭州310018

出　　处：《生物多样性》2016年第3期341-350,共10页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：国家863项目(2012AA021601);浙江省自然科学基金(LQ15C140002)

摘　　要：外来入侵福寿螺对我国农业生产和水生生态系统平衡等造成严重危害。2010年,种类鉴定研究首次揭示我国外来入侵福寿螺包括Pomacea canaliculata和P.maculata两个种,而浙江省仅见P.canaliculata一种报道。P.canaliculata和P.maculata种间形态近似,且受环境、食物源等因素影响,同种内外壳形态特征多样,因而基于形态特征进行种类的准确鉴定极为困难。本研究在采集浙江省7个区县的福寿螺样本的基础上,利用DNA条形码技术扩增了101个不同个体的COI序列,并从BOLD数据库下载了"P.canaliculata种团"的5个近缘种的55条COI序列用于分析,其中包括P.lineata,P.dolioides和P.paludosa所有已发表序列,以及P.canaliculata和P.maculata的南美洲样品的序列等。序列相似度比对、DNA条形码间隙和系统发育树等分析表明,COI序列可以实现近缘福寿螺的有效鉴别。待测的浙江省福寿螺样品中,杭州江干区检测到P.canaliculata和P.maculata两种,而舟山普陀区、绍兴上虞区和新昌县、温州瓯海区及杭州西湖区仅检测到P.canaliculata,表明P.canaliculata在浙江省具有更广的分布范围。P.canaliculata和P.maculata分别形成4种和2种单倍型,各区县样点分别包含1–3种单倍型,浙江省各发生地呈现较低的遗传多样性。依据系统发育关系推测,浙江省分布的P.canaliculata和P.maculata分别可能来源于阿根廷和巴西。Golden apple snails seriously damage crops and aquatic ecosystem in China. Two invasive apple snail species, Pomacea canaliculata and P. maculata, have been reported in China since 2010. Only the distribution of P. canaliculata was reported in Zhejiang Province. It is difficult to distinguish the two species due to their close morphological characteristics and high diversity of shell morphology, which are influenced by both environmental factors and food types. We collected samples from seven localities from Zhejiang Province and sequenced 101 individuals of mitochondrial COI fragments of the DNA barcode region. We also downloaded 55 sequences of five species of the P. canaliculata group, which included all public sequences of P. lineata, P. dolioides, and P. paludosa, and South American sample sequences of P. canaliculata and P. maculata. Analyses including similarity alignments, DNA barcoding gaps, and phylogenetic relationships, revealed that COI sequences were effective to distinguish apple snail species. We detected P. canaliculata and P. maculata distributed in the Jianggan region of Hangzhou, while only P. canaliculata was distributed in the Putuo region of Zhoushan, the Shanyu and Xinchang regions of Shaoxing, the Ouhai region of Wenzhou and the Xihu regoin of Hangzhou. P. canaliculata revealed a much wider distribution range. P. canaliculata and P. maculata were collapsed into 4 haplotypes and 2 haplotypes, respectively. There were 1 to 3 haplotypes in each locality, which indicated a low genetic diversity. The phylogenetic analyses deduced that P. canaliculata and P. maculata were probably introduced from Argentina and Brazil, respectively.

关 键 词：COI POMACEA canaliculata P.maculata 分子鉴定 遗传多样性 入侵种 

分 类 号：Q953[生物学—动物学]