我国农业生产力布局评价及优化建议——基于资源环境承载力的分析  

Evaluation and Suggestions about China Agricultural Layout Based on Resources and Ecological Load

作　　者：李靖[1] 张正尧[1] 毛翔飞[1] 张汝楠[1] 

机构地区：[1]农业部规划设计研究院,北京100125

出　　处：《农业经济问题》2016年第3期26-33,110,共8页Issues in Agricultural Economy

基　　金：农业部"十三五"农业农村经济发展规划前期重大课题"我国农业生产力布局研究"(编号:201411);农业部软科学课题"城乡一体化背景下完善村庄规划体系研究(编号:201522)的阶段性研究成果

摘　　要：在全国农业资源环境约束越来越紧的背景下,从水资源的角度考察种植业布局的合理程度,从环境承载力的角度考察畜牧业布局的合理程度。按照种植业虚拟水流动合理性指数,把全国划分为合理型、过疏型和过密型;按照畜禽养殖环境负荷系数的差异,把全国划分为超载区、平衡区和潜力区。未来,农业生产力布局应提高与资源环境承载力的匹配度。优化种植业布局的重点是降低华北地区的开发强度,增加西南、华南的开发强度;优化畜牧业布局的重点是调减西南、华南养殖规模,增加东北、华北、西北的养殖规模,实现种养平衡。This article in the national agricultural resources and environmental constraints become increasingly tight under the background of the study,a reasonable degree of planting industry layout from the angle of the water resources,the reasonable layout of the study level of animal husbandry from the angle of environmental bearing capacity. According to the virtual water planting rationality index,dividing the nation into the reasonable,too sparse and dense type; according to the difference of livestock and poultry breeding environment load ratio,the country is divided into overload,equilibrium zone and potential area. The future,agricultural productivity layout should improve the matching degree and bearing capacity of resources and environment. The planting industry layout optimization focus is to reduce the intensity of development in North China,southwest of Southern China,increase the development strength; focus on the optimization of animal husbandry is reduced,layout of the southwest Southern China farm scale,increase the northeast,North China,northwest of the scale of farming,planting and breeding balance.

关 键 词：农业生产力 区域布局 水资源 环境承载力 合理性 

分 类 号：F321[经济管理—产业经济]