中间品进口多元化与中国企业出口产品质量  

Diversification of Intermediate Input Imports and the Quality of Chinese Exports

作　　者：李秀芳[1] 施炳展[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津财经大学经济学院 [2]南开大学经济学院

出　　处：《国际贸易问题》2016年第3期106-116,共11页Journal of International Trade

基　　金：教育部人文社科基金课题13YJA790055的资助

摘　　要：本文主要从中间品进口多元化的角度入手,分析中国出口产品质量的决定因素和提升机制。理论上,进口中间品多元化可以通过边际成本、固定成本等渠道影响出口产品质量,并受限于企业自身的吸收能力。实证方面利用中国海关数据库与中国工业企业数据库匹配进行计量分析。结果表明:中国企业进口中间品多元化水平呈现下降趋势;从所有制分布看,国有企业进口中间品多元化水平最高,私营企业最低,外资企业居中;平均看,进口中间品多元化提升了中国企业出口产品质量;但这一提升作用仅限于外资企业、源自OECD国家的中间品和2004-2006年样本;对于本土企业、源自发展中国家的进口中间品和2000-2003年样本并不显著,可能的解释在于,一是企业与进口中间品匹配的吸收能力较差,二是企业进口中间品多元化的边际成本效应弱于固定成本效应。This paper analyzes the determinants and mechanisms for improving the quality of Chinese exports from the perspective of the diversification of imported intermediate inputs. In theory, the diversification of inputs can influence export quality through marginal- cost effects and fixed- cost effects and is limited by the firm＇s absorption capacity. With a combination of data from the Chinese customs database and the Chinese Industrial Survey, we arrive at several conclusions. First, the inputs imported by Chinese firms are becoming less diverse. Second, inputs imported by state- owned enterprises are the most diverse, those imported by foreign- owned firms are less so, and the input imports of Chineseowned private firms are the least diverse. Third, generally speaking, the diversification of import inputs improves the quality of Chinese exports, but this positive effect only holds true for foreign-owned firms and imports from OECD countries.This phenomenon may be due to the low absorption capacity of Chinese- owned firms or the relatively strong impact of the marginal-cost and fixed-cost effects.

关 键 词：中间品 进口 多元化 产品质量 

分 类 号：F752.867[经济管理—国际贸易]