农村土地流转风险:表现、成因及其形成机理——基于浙江省A乡的分析  

THE RISK OF AGRICULTURAL LAND TRANSFER IN RURAL CHINA:MANIFESTATION,CAUSE AND ITS GENERATION MECHANISM——A CASE OF "A" TOWN IN ZHEJIANG PROVINCE

作　　者：李毅[1,2] 罗建平[1,2] 林宇静[3,4] 牛星[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东理工大学社会与公共管理学院,上海200237 [2]华东理工大学公共管理与公共政策研究所,上海200237 [3]米兰理工大学土木环境与土地管理工程学院,意大利米兰20133 [4]深圳市建筑设计研究总院,广东深圳518031

出　　处：《中国农业资源与区划》2016年第1期120-130,共11页Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目"长三角地区农地流转的社会风险及治理研究"(13CJY068);中央高校科研业务基金项目"城镇化进程中我国农村土地流转的社会风险分析及政策创新研究"(WE1321001);上海市哲学社会科学规划课题"城镇化进程中土地流转的风险防范与政策选择研究"(2012EGL008)

摘　　要：土地流转为实现我国农地资源优化配置做出了巨大贡献,但近年来土地流转也逐渐表现出了一些风险。土地流转风险已逐渐成为我国农村地区发展中的现实隐忧与制约瓶颈,在一定程度上阻碍了农村经济的繁荣与社会的稳定。文章借鉴复合生态系统理论的理念,对浙江省A乡土地流转进行研究发现,该乡土地流转风险主要表现为经济风险、社会风险、自然风险,其中经济风险包括契约风险、经营管理风险、粮食安全风险及政策风险;社会风险包括社会矛盾风险、公信力风险、寻租风险及社会保障风险;自然风险包括景观美学价值风险、生态组分风险。土地流转风险的成因包括信息不对称、非理性、道德、制度环境、市场等因素,这些因素聚合为强制性占有、流转外部性、行为偏差、沉没成本等4个因子,辐射至A乡农村土地流转整个系统,进而产生土地流转风险。要控制A乡土地流转的经济风险需要以利益保障为目标,而社会风险的控制要以提升社会效益为根本,自然风险的控制要以合理性评价为依据。Agricultural land transfer has made outstanding contribution to the optimal configuration of China＇s agricultural land resource. But some risks of agricultural land transfer occurred in recent years which hindered the prosperity of rural economy and the stability of rural society. By using complex ecosystem theory for reference meanwhile attaching the current situation of agricultural land transfer of ＂ A ＂ town in Zhejiang Province,the results showed that the risks of agricultural land transfer in ＂ A＂ town can be classified as economic risk,social risk and natural risk. The economic risk included contract risk,operation and management risk,food security risk and policy risk; the social risk included social contradiction risk,government credibility risk,rent- seeking risk and social insurance risk; the natural risk included landscape value risk and ecological structure risk. The causes of these risks included information asymmetry,non- rationality,morality,institutional status and market. The risks can be polymerized to four factors such as compulsory possession,externality,behavioral bias and sunk cost,and then radiating to the agricultural land system of ＂ A＂ town and forming the risks of agricultural land transfer. It should ensure the benefit security to control the economic risks,increase the social efficiency to control the social risks,and enhance the rationality evaluation to control natural risks.

关 键 词：土地流转 风险 表现 成因 形成机理 

分 类 号：F321.1[经济管理—产业经济]