湖相白云岩成因模式及研究方法探讨  

Origin and research methods of lacustrine dolomite

作　　者：黄成刚[1,2] 袁剑英[1,2] 吴梁宇[1,2] 张小军[1,2] 吴丽荣[1,2] 潘星[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油天然气集团公司油藏描述重点实验室,兰州730020 [2]中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,兰州730020

出　　处：《岩性油气藏》2016年第2期7-15,共9页Lithologic Reservoirs

基　　金：国家油气专项“前陆盆地油气成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”(编号:2011ZX05003);中国石油重大科技专项“柴达木盆地建设千万吨油气田综合配套技术研究”(编号:2011E-03)联合资助

摘　　要：随着油气勘探程度的深入,发育于临近湖盆沉积中心的致密碳酸盐岩领域越来越受到关注。通过调研前人研究成果可以看出,近年来湖相碳酸盐岩的成岩作用(特别是形成优质储层的白云石化作用)研究取得了丰硕成果。主要包括以下几个方面:1我国湖相碳酸盐沉积具有"时间跨度大和分布范围广"的特征,时间上包括二叠纪、侏罗纪、白垩纪和古近纪等,平面上包括准噶尔、三塘湖、四川和柴达木等盆地的凹陷和斜坡区;2从我国湖相碳酸盐岩的岩性和物性来看,咸化湖盆的白云岩或云质岩类均较为有利,常与泥页岩共生,多为"中孔-特低渗"型储层,孔隙类型以白云石晶间孔为主;3湖相碳酸盐岩的白云石化模式主要包括原生生物成因模式、准同生交代成因模式、热液交代成因模式以及热液喷流型原生成因模式等;4在湖相白云岩研究中,主、微量元素分析,碳、氧同位素分析以及锶同位素分析等地球化学分析技术均得到了广泛应用并取得了丰硕成果。With the deepening of the degree of oil and gas exploration, the dense carbonate exploration field developed near the sedimentary center of lake basin has attracted more and more attention. Through the review of many previous research results, it was found that the research of lacustrine carbonate diagenesis has gotten remarkable achievements in many fields, especially dolomitization which formed high quality reservoir in recent years, including the following aspects ： （ 1 ） lacustrine carbonate deposition in China has the characteristics of long time span and wide distribution, including Permian, Jurassic, Cretaceous and Paleogene, and it distributed in the sag and slope zone of Junggar Basin, Santanghu Basin, Sichuan Basin and Qaidam Basin; （2） from the physical properties and lithology of reservoir about lacustrine carbonate in China, it is found that the dolomite and dolomitization rock in saline lacustrine developed often associated with shale symbiotic with the characteristic of medium porosity and ultra-low permeability, and the pore types are mainly dolomite intergranular pores; （3） the dolomitization models of lacustrine carbonate mainly include primary biogenic model, penecontemporaneous metasomatism model, hydrothermal metasomatism model andprimary dolomitization model related to exhalative hydrothermal activities; （4）the geochemical analysis technologies about major and trace elements, carbon and oxygen isotope and strontium isotope were widely used in the research of lacustrine dolomite, and good results have been achieved.

关 键 词：湖相白云岩 原生生物成因 准同生交代 热液交代 热液喷流型原生 晶间孔 地球化学分析 

分 类 号：TE122.2[石油与天然气工程—油气勘探]