版纳鱼螈胚胎和幼体鳃的退化观察  

Degeneration of the Gills in Ichthyophis bannanicus

作　　者：蒙绍权[1,2] 贝永建[2] 李桂芬[2] 吴德峰[1] 祁保民[3] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学生命科学学院,福州350002 [2]玉林师范学院生命科学与技术学院,玉林537000 [3]福建农林大学动物科学学院,福州350002

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2016年第2期221-227,共7页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31260509);广西高等学校优秀人才资助计划项目(No.13-3);玉林师范学院高层次人才科研启动基金项目(No.G20130003)

摘　　要：为了解版纳鱼螈(Ichthyophis bannanicus)胚胎和幼体鳃的退化特征,同窝卵中8枚在胚胎成熟阶段早期被随机取出剖产,随后余下的9枚卵在胚胎成熟阶段晚期时孵出或剖产,观察幼体或胚胎鳃的变化。成熟阶段早期的胚胎,初时其鳃色鲜红,鳃枝充盈,鳃丝与鳃轴近乎垂直;随后鳃色发白,鳃枝疲软,鳃丝卷曲,鳃丝与鳃轴夹角变小。成熟阶段晚期的胚胎和刚孵出的幼体,初时其鳃色纯白,鳃枝疲软,鳃丝卷曲,鳃丝与鳃轴夹角较小;随后鳃逐渐脱落。观察发现,版纳鱼螈胚胎或幼体鳃的退化模式不是重吸收,也不是重吸收加脱落,而仅为脱落。鳃退化过程经历外鳃供血减少-供血停止-鳃枝组织死亡和脱落3个阶段,每个阶段都有明显的外部形态特征。胚胎进入成熟阶段后,越早孵化,鳃枝留存越多,反之,鳃枝留存越少。发白后的鳃枝随机性脱落。In order to make clear the degenerative characteristics of external morphology of gill in Ichthyophis bannanicus,8 eggs at early stage of mature embryo were picked out randomly from the same clutch and the larvae were released from the capsule.Soon afterwards the remaining 9 eggs were monitored at late stage to observe the changes of gills before and after hatching.At early stage of mature embryo,initially embryonic gills（Fig.1a） were red and inflated,filaments were at almost right angle to gill axis; afterwards,the gill rami（Fig.1b） were paled and the filaments turned curled and the angle between filament and gill axis became smaller.At late stage of mature embryo and at the outset of newly born larvae,at the start the gill rami（Fig.1c,d） were white,soft,filaments were curled,angles were smaller between filament and axis; subsequently,the gill ramus（Fig.1e） striped off gradually.The result showed that the mode of gills degeneration was not resorption,nor resorption with stripping,but only stripping,that obvious signs of external morphological changes could be observed during the degeneration process which included 3 steps：less blood supply,halt of blood supply as well as death and stripping of gill rami,and that at late stage of mature embryo,the earlier hatching,the more gill rami; otherwise,less rami will be kept and paled gill rami will fall off randomly.

关 键 词：两栖动物 蚓螈 版纳鱼螈 鳃 退化 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]