普通鸬鹚鸟卵溶菌酶与巢密度及卵顺序和新城疫病毒母源抗体关系  

Lysozyme Concentration Related to Nest Density,Laying Order and Maternal Antibody of Newcastle disease virus in the Egg of Great Cormorant(Phalacrocorax carbo)

作　　者：曹建[1,2,3] 王稳[1,2] 李继荣[1,2,3] 杨芳[1,2] 王雪莲[1,2] 郑思思[1,2,3] 李来兴[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,西宁810008 [2]中国科学院高原适应与进化重点实验室,西宁810008 [3]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2016年第2期310-318,共9页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(No.31071936);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(No.2010CB530301)

摘　　要：亲鸟可通过母体作用向鸟卵传递不同的免疫物质,用于免疫防御,对提高子代生存率至关重要。本研究在青海湖鸬鹚岛共采集60枚普通鸬鹚(Palacrocorax carbo)鸟卵,并同时记录巢密度和卵顺序,通过血凝抑制试验和溶解实验分别测定鸟卵溶菌酶浓度和新城疫病毒(Newcastle disease virus,NDV)母源抗体效价。对鸟卵溶菌酶浓度与巢密度进行Pearson相关分析,利用单因素方差(One way ANOVA)分析鸟卵溶菌酶浓度与卵顺序关系,利用t检验分析新城疫病毒阳性鸟卵与阴性鸟卵溶菌酶浓度差异性,对新城疫病毒阳性鸟卵抗体效价与溶菌酶浓度进行Spearman相关分析。(1)不同窝的鸟卵溶菌酶浓度与巢密度呈正相关性(r=0.886,P<0.000 1);(2)同一窝内鸟卵溶菌酶浓度随着卵顺序的增加而增加(F=3.95,P<0.05),且新城疫病毒阳性鸟卵的溶菌酶量高于阴性鸟卵(t=4.08,df=58,P<0.001);(3)在新城疫病毒阳性鸟卵中,其新城疫病毒抗体效价与溶菌酶含量呈负相关关系(r=﹣0.840,P<0.001)。上述结果表明,亲鸟会根据繁殖密度和卵顺序来调节向鸟卵分配的溶菌酶,同时会调节向鸟卵中传递抗新城疫病毒母源抗体和溶菌酶浓度,从而使免疫防御作用最大化。Female birds can transmit immune factors into eggs to defense pathogen by maternal effect,including innate immune factor lysozyme and adaptive maternal antibody.To investigate how the female birds allocate immune factors into the eggs laid,we totally collected 60 eggs from 20 clutches of great cormorant（Phalacrocorax carbo） in Qinghai Lake and recorded the nest density and the egg laying order for each egg.Then we determined the Newcastle disease virus（NDV for short） antibody titer by Hemagglutinin Inhibition Test and the lysozyme concentration by lysoplate assay,respectively.The Pearson correlation and Spearman correlation were employed to analyze the correlation between lysozyme concentration and nest density,the correlation between NDV antibody titer and lysozyme concentration respectively.Meanwhile,the relationship between lysozyme level and egg laying order was performed by One way ANOVA and student′s t test was applied to determine the difference of lysozyme concentration between the eggs with NDV positively and negatively.We found out that（1） lysozyme concentration was positively related to nest density between eggs from different clutches（r = 0.886,P〈0.000 1,Pearson correlation,Table 1）;（2） lysozyme concentration increased with egg laying order within a clutch（F = 3.95,P〈0.05,Fig.1） and the level of lysozyme was higher in the eggs with NDV positively than those negatively（t = 4.08,df = 58,P〈0.001,Fig.2）;（3） the NDV antibody titer had negative relationship with lysozyme concentration in eggs with NDV positively（r =﹣0.840,P〈0.001,Table 2）.Hence,we concluded that female birds transmited lysozyme into their eggs according to the nest density and laying order,meanwhile,effectively transferring lysozyme and NDV maternal antibody into eggs to provide optimal protection for the offspring.

关 键 词：普通鸬鹚 卵顺序 繁殖密度 溶菌酶 母源抗体 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]