烯丙基二甲基烷基季铵盐阳离子单体的合成与性能研究  

SYNTHESIS AND PROPERTIES FOR CATIONIC MONOMERS OF ALLYLDIMETHYLALKYL QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALT

作　　者：陶贤平[1] 张跃军[2] 朱蓓蓓[1] 

机构地区：[1]南通职业大学化学与生物工程学院,江苏南通226007 [2]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《精细石油化工》2016年第2期27-31,共5页Speciality Petrochemicals

基　　金：南通职业大学重点项目(1512101)

摘　　要：以烯丙基二甲基胺（ADMA）与1-溴代直链烷为原料合成了3种烯丙基二甲基烷基（n=6、8、10）季铵盐单体（记为C6、C8、C（10））,其最佳工艺条件为：丙酮作溶剂,ADMA与溴代烷的摩尔比为1∶1.1,反应时间10~22h,反应温度45~50℃,产物的收率分别为82.3%、81.2%和78.1%;用IR和~1H NMR对产物结构进行了表征,通过测定其表面活性和絮凝性能等考察了结构与性能的关系。结果表明,随烷基链长度的增加,季铵盐的临界胶束浓度（cmc）和相应的表面张力（γ（cmc））依次减小为24.5、18.1、12.3mmol/L和39.2、35.9、33.8mN/m;Krafft点均低于0℃,发泡、乳化及对高岭土和硅藻土絮凝能力的强弱次序为：C（10）〉C8〉C6。Three kinds of allyldimethylalkyl（n=6,8,10）quaternary ammonium salt monomers（marked C6,C8,C10）were synthesized by using allyldimethylamine and 1-bromoalkane straight chain alkanes as raw materials.The optimal process conditions were as follows：Acetone was used as solvent,molar ratio of allyldimethylamine to bromoalkane was 1∶1.1,reaction time was 10-22 hand reaction temperature was 45-50℃.The product yields could achieve 82.3%,81.2%and 78.1%respectively.Structures of the products were characterized by IR and 1 H NMR.The relationships between structures and performances were discussed on the basis of determination of the surfactivity,flocculation ability and so on.The results show that with the increase of the alkyl chain length,their critical micelle concentration（cmc）and corresponding surface tension（γ（cmc））decreased in turn as 24.5,18.1and 12.3mmol/L,39.2,35.9and 33.8mN/m.Their Krafft points are all below 0 ℃.Their Foaming ability,emulsifying ability and flocculating ability to kaolin and diatomite are in the order of C10〉C8〉C6.

关 键 词：烯丙基二甲基烷基溴化铵 季铵盐 单体 合成 结构与性能 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]