我国生物安全文化建设的对策研究  

Strategic Significance,Current Situation,and Development Suggestion of Biosafety Cultural Construction

作　　者：贾晓娟[1] 刘文军[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微生物研究所生物安全三级实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2016年第4期445-451,共7页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家"863"计划课题(2014AA021405)

摘　　要：生物风险是现代生物技术潜在的"负效应",随着现代生物技术的飞速发展,新的生物风险必将不断产生并危及人类生产和生活。特别是当现代生物技术与商业利益、跨国资本、地缘政治结合时,生物风险不仅是科技问题,而且是社会问题。因此,生物安全已成为当前国际安全问题的核心之一。加强生物安全建设的根本途径是生物安全文化的培育和创新。生物安全文化主要包括制度文化、物质文化和精神文化三方面。文章就此三方面分析了当前我国生物安全文化的现状和不足,阐明了当前重视和加强生物安全文化建设的必要性和意义,并对今后如何培育和加强我国的生物安全文化建设提出观点和建议。The rapid development of modern biotechnology has brought us new productivity and creativity, but just as the coin has two sides, its characteristics of genetic manipulation bring much potential biological hazards too, such as genetically modified organism （GMO）, biological diversity, toxins, pathogenic microorganisms, infectious samples, and so on. With the extensive application of modem biological technology and products circulations, the biological hazards have been expanded from the traditional life science to many other related fields including human health, food security, ecological environment, morality, ethics, and national security. So the biosafety issues are not only a matter of science, but also that of social and national security. To strengthen the biosafety is very necessary and very important. To cultivate and develop the biosafety culture is the core of biosafety construction. Many countries have put the construction and reform of biosafety as one of the key national security plans. However, at present, our country＇s biosafety culture is weak, and it is very necessary and important to cultivate and strengthen it. The biosafety culture includes the biosafety system culture, biosafety material culture, and the biosafety spiritual culture. In this article, we analyzed the deficiency of present biosafety culture from above three aspects, and put forward some suggestion With the rapid development of modern biotechnology, our biosafety laws, regulations, and relevant management mechanism could not fundamentally meet the needs of government management. We do not have a set of independent and comprehensive biosafety laws yet. Every related government department such as the Ministry of Agriculture, the Ministry of Health, and the Ministry of Environmental Protection made regulation and implement management separately, which cause the management overlap or gap. Therefore, on one hand, we should found a specialized organization responsible for uniformly managing and coordinating the duties and powers

关 键 词：现代生物技术 生物危害 生物安全文化 建议 

分 类 号：Q16[生物学—普通生物学]