基于不同估算方法的贵州省土壤温度状况  

Soil Temperature Regime in Guizhou Province Relative to Assessment Method

作　　者：陆晓辉[1] 董宇博[1] 涂成龙[2] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学地理与环境科学学院,贵阳550001 [2]中国科学院地球化学研究所,贵阳550002

出　　处：《土壤学报》2016年第2期401-410,共10页Acta Pedologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41261058);水利部公益性项目(201401050);贵州省社发项目(黔科合SY字{2012}3042)资助~~

摘　　要：土壤温度状况是土壤系统分类重要的土壤诊断特性,是土壤某些分类单元的划分依据。以贵州省86个气象站点(1951/71—1980)地面气候资料为基础,应用不同的土壤温度估算方法(土温内插法、土温直接估算、纽荷模型估算、气温回归估算法、纬度海拔回归估算法),判定贵州省各县(市)的土壤温度状况。结果表明,5种方法的估算结果基本一致,"不同海拔的贵州省经纬度海拔回归估算"方法在贵州省土壤温度状况估算中的应用更为广泛。贵州省土壤温度状况包括温性、热性和高热性三种土壤温度状况类型;有80个县(市)的估算结果属于热性土壤温度状况;威宁、大方属于温性土壤温度状况;有4个县(市)估算结果处在不同土壤温度状况临界值附近,存在两种土壤温度状况,其中水城、开阳和习水存在温性和热性两种土壤温度状况,而罗甸则存在高热性和热性两种土壤温度状况。将贵州省土壤温度状况作为诊断特性应用于土壤系统分类时,应综合考虑成土环境条件。Soil temperature regime refers generally to soil temperature at 50 cm（T50）in soil depth or at the interface between lithic or paralithic substance and soil in soil profiles thinner than 50 cm. It is an important parameter charactering soil properties and a diagnostic feature and basis in modern soil classification systems for dividing soil classification units. However,so far none of the existing observatory stations is capable of providing observatory data all by itself sufficient for dividing attributes of soil temperature. Fortunately,as soil temperature at any observatory station is closely related to geographic position（coordinates,altitude,etc.）,meteorological conditions and some other environmental elements of the locality the station sits in,some researchers have built up several models by making use of these obtainable environmental indexes for assessing soil temperature regime. Currently the following five methods are commonly used in researches on soil temperature regime in China：＂Soil temperature interpolation method＂,＂Direct estimation method＂,＂Newhall model-based estimation＂,＂National air temperaturebased regression estimation＂and＂Coordinates and elevation-based regression estimation＂. These methods have been extensively applied to researches on soil temperature regime in various regions of the country with some good results. However,little has been reported on the work In Guizhou Province. In this paper,based on the ground climatic data（1951/71~1980）pooled from 86 meteorological observatory stations all over Guizhou Province,the five methods were either used directly or modified in the light of the actual situation in Guizhou. With the soil temperature interpolation method,T50 is deduced from the soil temperatures measured at 40 cm and 80 cm in depth,with interpolation,namely,mean annual T50 =mean annual soil temperature at 40cm＋[mean annual soil temperature at 80 cm-mean annual soil temperature at 40 cm]/4. With the direct estimation method,the mean annual soil

关 键 词：土壤温度 估算方法 贵州省 土壤系统分类 

分 类 号：P934[天文地球—自然地理学] S155.3[农业科学—土壤学]