新中国成立初期自然灾害与应对——以山东省梁山县为例  

Natural Disaster and Disaster Relief in the Early Days after Foundation of the People's Republic of China——Taking Liangshan County in Shandong Province as an example

作　　者：董传岭[1] 

机构地区：[1]菏泽学院社科系

出　　处：《理论界》2016年第3期83-88,共6页Theory Horizon

基　　金：山东省高等学校科研计划项目(J12WD52);教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(11JJD770026)

摘　　要：新中国成立初期,频仍严重的水、旱、虫、霜、雹等自然灾害导致梁山县农业生产和人民生命财产损失严重,广大百姓缺粮断炊,大量灾民四处逃荒,甚至死亡。各级政府高度重视梁山县自然灾害,特别是民政机构把救灾作为压倒一切的首要工作,通过发放救灾物资、贷种贷粮、生产救灾、移民移工等措施积极应对,在灾害应对中发挥了主导作用;灾区群众也积极响应国家诉求进行自救,抢险救灾、互助互济、开展农副业生产。国家与民间良性互动,救灾和生产紧密结合,取得了抗御自然灾害的伟大胜利,积累了重要经验,对当今防灾、抗灾和救灾具有重要借鉴意义。Flood, drought, insects and other natural disasters were serious especially flood was the most seriously in Liangshan County in the early days after foundation of the People＇ s Republic of China.Agricultural production and people＇ s life and property were destroyed.The masses of people lack of grain and get away from famine-stricken area to everywhere, and some people starved.Liangshan County became one of the worst-hit areas in China.Governments at all levels attached great importance to the natural disasters in Liangshan County, especially the civil affairs institution.Governments distributed relief supplies, loaned grain farming and seeds, developed agricultural and sideline production and played the leading role in the disaster relief.The folk actively responded to a nation demands of disaster relief, relieved the victims of a disaster, help each other, lent freely.National and folk benign interaction and played important role in the disaster relief.They combined disaster relief and production and fundamentally improve the ability to cope with famine,got through the famine victory.The experiences and lessons of the disaster relief work in Liangshan County in the early days after foundation of the People＇ s Republic of China are important to nowadays.

关 键 词：新中国成立初期 梁山县 自然灾害 应对 

分 类 号：K27[历史地理—历史学]