木质素腐植酸的结构特征  

Structural Features of Lignohumic Acids

作　　者：FrantiSek Novák Martina Sestauberová Richard Hrabal 张水勤(译)[3] 袁亮(译)[3] 赵秉强(译)[3] 

机构地区：[1]捷克科学院生物中心,布杰约维采CZ 37005 [2]捷克化学技术研究院,布拉格16628 [3]中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《腐植酸》2016年第1期24-31,共8页Humic Acid

摘　　要：从木质素磺酸盐氧化和水解转化后的产物——木质素腐植酸盐中分离出腐植酸组分,并用化学和光谱学(UV/VIS,FT-IR,^(13)C-NMR光谱学)的方法对其组成和结构进行表征。同时,从褐煤和山地云杉林森林土有机层中分离出腐植酸,以作为对照。与其它来源的腐植酸相比,木质素腐植酸(LHHA)羧基含量相对较低,而其酸性在一定程度上是通过磺酸基所体现出来的。木质素及其相应腐殖质的^(13)C-NMR光谱在55.9 ppm处有明显的位移,这是其甲氧基碳的信号,而其它烷氧基碳的数量非常有限,如脂肪碳。由于这些类型的碳含量相对较低,木质素腐植酸的芳香度较高,为60.6%。相比天然的腐植酸,木质素磺酸盐经热处理后所得的木质素腐植酸盐则被认为是一种工业化生产的天然腐植物质的类似物。根据化学和光谱学数据评估结果,阐明了从木质素腐植酸盐提取的腐植酸的结构特征,且提出了其可能的化学结构,从而描述了分离组分的典型"平均"特征。The composition and structure of hurnic acids isolated from lignohumate, which is produced by hydrolytic-oxidative conversion of technical lignosulfonates, were characterized by chemical and spectral methods （UV/VIS, FT-IR, and ^13C-NMR spectroscopy）. As comparative samples, humic acids （HA） were isolated also from lignite and organic horizon of mountain spruce forest soil. When compared with other HA studied, the lignohurnate humic acids （LHHA） contained relatively few carboxyl groups, whose role is partly fulfilled by sulfonic acid groups. Distinctive ^13C-NMR signal of methoxyl group carbons, typical for lignin and related humic substances, was found at the shift of 55.9 ppm. Other alkoxy carbons were present in limited quantity, like the aliphatic carbons. Due to the low content of these carbon types, the LHHA has high aromaticity of 60.6%. Comparison with the natural HA has shown that lignohumate obtained by thermal processing of technical lignosulfonate can be regarded as an industrially produced analog of natural humic substances. Based on the chemical and spectral data evaluation, structural features of lignohumate humic acids were clarified and their hypothetical chemical structure proposed, which described typical ＂average＂ properties of the isolated fraction.

关 键 词：^13C-NMR光谱 傅里叶变换红外光谱 腐植酸 木质素腐植酸盐 木质素磺酸盐 结构 

分 类 号：TQ314.1[化学工程—高聚物工业] O656.2[理学—分析化学]