纳米CuO的批量制备及其对高氯酸铵热分解性能的影响研究  

Batch Production of Nano-Sized CuO and Its Catalytic Effects on Thermal Decomposition of Ammonium Perchlorate

作　　者：郝嘎子 刘杰[1] 高寒[1] 肖磊[1] 姜炜[1] 李凤生[2] 赵凤起[2] 高红旭[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院/国家特种超细粉体工程技术研究中心,江苏南京210094 [2]西安近代化学研究所燃烧与爆炸技术重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《推进技术》2016年第1期188-192,共5页Journal of Propulsion Technology

基　　金：基础产品创新技术火炸药科研专项;国家自然科学基金(51206081)

摘　　要：采用HLG-5型纳米化粉碎机批量制备了纳米Cu O。通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)对Cu O颗粒的结构、大小及形貌进行了表征,并采用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)分别研究了纳米Cu O的含量为1%,1.5%,2%,2.5%,4%对不同粒度AP的热分解性能的影响。结果表明,制备的Cu O颗粒大小约为17nm,为单斜晶系,呈类球形。2%含量的纳米Cu O对AP具有更好的催化性能,可使64μm,6μm,1μm AP的高温分解峰分别降低83.0℃,81℃,55.4℃;表观分解热分别增加880J/g,617J/g,391J/g;反应速度常数提高数倍。Nano-Cu O have been successfully prepared in large-scale using the HLG-5 grinder. The microstructure,size and morphology of Cu O particles were characterized by X-ray diffraction（XRD）,scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM）. The catalytic effects of nanoCu O with mass fraction of 1%,1.5%,2%,2.5% and 4%,respectively,on thermal decomposition of AP with different size were investigated by DSC. The results show that nano-Cu O could be indexed as pure monoclinic and have a semi-spherical morphology with a fairly uniform size of 17 nm. Furthermore,the nano-Cu O have the optimal catalytic effect at a mass fraction of 2%, and the peak values of high temperature decomposition of64μm,6μm,and 1μm AP decreased by 83.0℃,81℃ and 55.4℃,respectively. The apparent thermal decomposition of 64μm,6μm,and 1μm AP increased by 880J/g,617J/g and 391J/g,respectively,and the reaction rate constant of AP also increased by several times.

关 键 词：纳米CUO 热分解 催化效果 固体火箭推进剂 

分 类 号：V512[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]