安徽省女生月经初潮年龄与体脂指标关联的生态学研究  

Ecological research on relationship between age of menarche and body fat among girls in Anhui province

作　　者：王雅斐[1] 万宇辉 张辉[1] 陶瑞文 左阿珠 王博[1] 徐亮[1] 陶芳标 

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健教研室,合肥230032 [2]安徽人口健康与优生省级实验室

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2016年第3期331-334,共4页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：安徽省科技攻关计划项目(1401045017)

摘　　要：目的了解安徽省女生月经初潮年龄与体脂指标的关系以及不同地区测量分布情况,探寻月经初潮年龄的影响因素。方法按照2014年全国学生体质与健康调研的相关要求,测量安徽省合肥、宿州、池州3个地区城乡7-18岁汉族女生共4 844人的上臂、腹部、肩胛下皮褶厚度以及身高、体重、腰围、臀围等指标,计算体脂率、体质量指数（BMI）、腰高比和腰臀比;利用问卷调查女生月经初潮年龄,应用概率单位回归法计算月经初潮年龄。结果安徽省女生半数月经初潮平均年龄为11.95岁,合肥、池州和宿州3个地区女生月经初潮平均年龄分别为12.11岁、12.32岁和11.40岁。城乡女生半数月经初潮平均年龄分别为11.68岁和12.21岁,城乡相差0.53岁。9-13岁组初潮组中体脂率高的人数百分比比未初潮组多,差异均有统计学意义（P值均〈0.05）。应用对应分析体脂率、皮褶厚度与月经初潮年龄呈负相关。结论BMI、腰高比和腰臀比与月经初潮只存在一定关联性。安徽省女童月经初潮年龄与体脂指标密切相关。Objective To understand temporal trend of menarche among girls in Anhui province and to explore the relation with body fat from ecological perspective. Methods A total of 4 844 primary and middle school girls aged 7- 18 years old from urban and rural areas in Hefei, Chizhou and Suzhou of Anhui province. Skinfold thickness in abdomen, biceps and subscapular, as well as body height, weight, waist circumstance, hip circumstance were measured were assessed. Body fat percentage was calculated. Age at menarche was collected through questionnaire survey. Analysis was based on ecological perspectives. Results The median age at menarche was 11. 95 in 2014. The median age at menarche among girls in Hefei, Chizhou and Suzhou were 12. 11,12. 32 and 11. 40, respectively. Urban girls（ 11. 68 years old） reported earlier menarche than rural girls（ 12. 21）. Obesity rate was higher among students had menarche（ P〈 0. 05）. Conclusion Age of menarche shows decreasing trend in Anhui province during the last ten years, body fat might have its contribution in it.

关 键 词：月经初潮 体脂分布 个体生态学 中小学生卫生保健服务 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R195[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]