地效对飞机气动特性的影响研究  

The Study of the Ground Effects on the Aircraft Aerodynam ic Characteristics

作　　者：王继明[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海飞机设计研究院,上海201210

出　　处：《民用飞机设计与研究》2016年第1期56-57,77,共3页Civil Aircraft Design & Research

摘　　要：当飞机起飞或着陆时由于近地会产生地面效应。地效使得飞机的气动特性发生较大变化,如升力增大、阻力减小及静安定度的提高等。通过试验数据分析了地效状态下纵、横航向气动特性及舵效的变化,并对其内在影响机理进行了初步分析。结果显示,地效使得着陆构型失速提前约2°、纵向静安定度增加约0.15bA、横向安定性增加约10%~20%、平尾效率减小可达10%、方向舵效率变化较小但副翼效率减小可达10%。由此使得飞机的失速特性、横航向稳定性及操纵性变差。As an aircraft takeoff or landing,the aerodynamic characteristics change a lot for the ground effect,such as lift / stability increasing and drag reducing etc. This paper analyzes the change of the longitudinal / lateral characteristics and maneuvering surface efficiency,and also tries to analyze the mechanism of the ground effect.Results show that,with ground effect,the stall happens 2° earlier,longitudinal stability increases 0. 15 bA,lateral stability increases 10% ~ 20%,horizontal tail efficiency increases 10%,rudder efficiency changes little while the decrease of the aileron efficiency can reach 10%. Due to these effects,stability and maneuvering ability of the aircraft are deteriorated.

关 键 词：地效 静安定度 机理 舵效 

分 类 号：V212[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]