高速球轴承微接触弹流摩擦及生热分析  

Micro-Contact EHL Friction and Heat Generation Analysis of High Speed Ball Bearings

作　　者：雷默涵 姜歌东[1,2] 梅雪松[1,2] 马驰[1] 杨军[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]西安交通大学制造系统工程国家重点实验室,西安710049 [2]西安交通大学机械工程学院,西安710049

出　　处：《西安交通大学学报》2016年第4期81-88,共8页Journal of Xi'an Jiaotong University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金创新群体资助项目(51421004);国家科技重大专项资助项目(2014ZX04001051-07)

摘　　要：针对高速工况下整体法对于电主轴中高速球轴承中球-滚道间差动滑动摩擦生热量计算不准确、传统的局部法需要依赖大量成本较高的拖动力实验才能计算差动滑动摩擦生热的问题,提出了一种根据弹流润滑及微接触理论计算高速球轴承差动滑动生热量的模型。该模型根据弹流润滑微接触理论计算球-滚道接触区域中的摩擦切应力,在此基础上计算了球轴承内部的差动滑动摩擦生热及总生热量。通过对比验证发现,对于额定转速为14 000r/min的7008AC球轴承,当转速在5 000-20 000r/min工况范围内时,使用该模型的计算结果与基于拖动力实验的生热计算结果之间误差小于5%,当转速在20 000-40 000r/min工况范围内时小于23%,证明提出的方法能够在获得接触区域参数的条件下,不依赖于拖动力实验得到较为准确的生热量计算结果,增加了局部法生热计算的实用性。通过分析沟渠率半径等参数对球轴承生热的影响,指出应在考虑其他影响与设计要求的情况下,尽可能选用较大的内圈沟曲率半径系数及较小的外圈沟曲率半径系数。A novel method to calculate differential sliding friction heat is proposed to solve the problems that the integral heating method is not accurate in the differential sliding friction heat generation calculation of angular contact ball bearings in motorized spindles,and the calculation of local heating methods depends on expensive traction experimental equipments and huge amount of works.The proposed method is based on EHL and micro-contact theories instead of traction experiments.The rotation speed of balls and the parameters of inner loads are calculated based on aquasi-static method,then the friction shear stress in contact areas of the ball-race is calculated based on EHL and micro-contact theories.Then,the differential sliding friction heat generation is worked out and the total heat generation is calculated.The proposed method is verified by a comparison with the traditional local heat generation method based on traction experiments,and it turns out that the rate of deviation between calculated results of the novel method and the experimental local heat method is below 5% under the work condition of rotation speeds in range5 000 to 20 000r/min for 7008 AC ball bearings,and the rate of deviation is 23% under the work condition of rotation speeds in 20 000 to 40 000r/min.The effects of designing parameters on heat generation of ball bearings are analyzed,and it is pointed out that designers should try to choose larger radius coefficients for inner ring groove curvature and smaller radius coefficients for outer ring groove curvature while considering other designing demands and influences.

关 键 词：电主轴 高速球轴承 微接触 差动滑动摩擦生热 局部法 

分 类 号：TH133.33[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TH123