犹太教历史背景下的基督教——亚伯拉罕·盖革论基督教的起源  

Christianity in the Context of the History of Judaism:Abraham Geiger on the Origins of Christianity

作　　者：胡浩[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南大学犹太-以色列研究中心,河南开封475001

出　　处：《河南大学学报（社会科学版）》2016年第2期96-104,共9页Journal of Henan University(Social Sciences）

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究项目“近现代犹太社会转型研究--以德国为中心的考察”(12YJC770022)阶段性成果;国家社会科学基金项目“犹太教改革研究”(12CZJ012)阶段性成果;河南省高等学校哲学社会科学创新团队“犹太-中东史创新团队”(2013-CXTD-01)阶段性成果

摘　　要：亚伯拉罕·盖革借用19世纪盛行的历史主义研究方法,将基督教的起源还原到公元前后犹太法利赛派和撒都该派斗争背景之下,认为耶稣是法利赛犹太人,传播的是犹太福音。耶稣死后,使徒将法利赛人的死者复活观念、撒都该派大祭司和代理祭司的观念以及希腊的"逻各斯"观念糅合在一起,创造了一种新的基督教弥赛亚观念,这一观念逐渐背离了犹太教主流,为基督教的产生奠定了基础。在政治和宗教反犹的背景下,盖革在犹太话语体系中解读基督教的起源,强调犹太教作为原创性一神教对基督教和西方文明的影响,旨在反抗基督教学术霸权,确立犹太学术地位,捍卫现代犹太认同,并为宗教改革提供理论支持。Abraham Geiger borrowed historicism methodology which was popular in the 19 th century,reverted the origins of Christianity to the background of the fight between Jewish Pharisees and Sadducees around the 1st Century,and insisted that Jesus was one of Jewish Pharisees and he promulgated Jewish Gospel.After the death of Jesus,the Apostles blended the concept of resurrection of the dead in the Pharisees,and the concept of high priest and agent priest in the Sadducees with the concept of＂logos＂in Hellenic philosophy together,created a new concept of Christian Messiah.The idea gradually departed from the mainstream Judaism,and laid a foundation for the naissance of Christianity.Under the background of political and religious anti-Semitism,Geiger interpreted the origins of Christianity in the context of Jewish discourse,and emphasized Judaism as original monotheism and its impact on Christianity and western civilization,which was for revolting academic hegemony of Christianity,establishing Jewish academic status,defending modern Jewish identity and providing theoretical support for religious reform.

关 键 词：盖革 犹太教 法利赛派 基督教 

分 类 号：B985[哲学宗教—宗教学]