泥沙粒径对大流道迷宫灌水器堵塞影响研究  

Influence of Sediment Particle Size on Clogging of Large Labyrinth Channels Emitters

作　　者：任改萍[1,2] 吴普特[1,2] 朱德兰[1,2] 牛文鹏[2] 陈俊英[1,2] 张林[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学中国旱区节水农业研究院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2016年第3期1-6,共6页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金："十二五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2011BAD29B00);中国科学院"西部之光"人才培养计划西部博士资助项目;高等学校学科创新引智计划资助项目(111计划)(B12007)

摘　　要：为探明大流道迷宫灌水器发生物理堵塞的成因及堵塞过程,采用连续加沙灌溉和间歇灌溉相结合方法,研究了粒径小于0.15mm的8种泥沙颗粒对灌水器堵塞和灌水系统均匀性的影响。结果表明,浑水含沙量在低于2g/L范围内变动对灌水器堵塞没有明显影响;当含沙量为2.0g/L时,泥沙粒径是造成大流道迷宫灌水器堵塞的主要原因,引发堵塞敏感粒径范围为0.10～0.15mm,且堵塞形式主要表现为突然完全堵塞,粒径为0.058～0.075mm的泥沙颗粒最不易引发堵塞;极易堵粒径相互组合会加剧灌水器的堵塞,易堵粒径组混合在一起有减轻堵塞效果的作用。相较于常规滴灌灌水器的易堵粒径,0.1mm以上粒径的泥沙颗粒更易滤除,在浑水灌溉时可优先选用大流道灌水器。In order to explore the causes and the processes of physical clogging for large labyrinth channels emitters,muddy water experiments with eight different kinds of sediment particles（all less than 0.15mm）were tested with irrigation of continuous sediment concentration increasing and intermittent irrigation,and the effects of sediment particles on clogging performance of emitters and the uniformity of drip irrigation system were analyzed during the whole irrigation.The results indicated that sediment concentration had no obvious effect on clogging when sediment concentration was smaller than 2.0g/L.The sediment particle size was the main factor on clogging of large labyrinth channels emitter,and emitters were prone to being clogged suddenly and completely with particle size of 0.10～0.15 mm when sediment concentration was 2.0g/L.Sediment particle size of 0.058～0.075 mm was difficult to cause clogging.The degree of clogging increased when the sediment particle greatly clogged were mixed together,and decreased when the sediment particle easily clogged were mixed.Compared with the sensitive particle size of conventional drip emitter,sediment particle size larger than 0.1mm would be more likely to filter out,so emitters with large channels could be preferred when irrigation with muddy water.

关 键 词：泥沙粒径 含沙量 大流道 敏感粒径 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程]