新型四化下耕地集约利用的时代要求与启示  

On Requirements of Times for Cultivated Land Use Intensity and Its Implications with Simultaneous Development of New Four“Modernization”s in China

作　　者：张仕超[1] 魏朝富[2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学地理与旅游学院,重庆401331 [2]西南大学资源环境学院农业部西南耕地保育重点实验室,重庆400715

出　　处：《西南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2016年第3期139-146,共8页Journal of Southwest China Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41501104);重庆市教委2015年科学技术研究项目(KJ1500336);国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAJ11B02)

摘　　要：伴随"新型四化"同步快速推进,在短期内土地需求集中释放,造成城市周边优质耕地资源大量被建设用地所吞噬,而乡村耕地资源快速非农化与闲置低效利用并存的局面,对耕地资源保护与利用的硬要求有增无减,亟需推进耕地资源节约集约利用.本文首先从国家战略需求、区域发展需求和理论创新需求3个方面,阐明了耕地集约利用研究的时代要求,即它既是"保障粮食安全、破解三农问题、实现农业现代化转型"的国家战略需求,又是"构建新型农业经营体系,创新农业生产经营体制"的区域发展需求,还是"全方位、多尺度、多视角解析耕地集约利用特征"的理论创新需求.在此基础上,进一步对耕地集约利用的内涵及未来微观尺度研究的重点进行了思考与展望:耕地集约利用的内涵需顺应现代农业转型升级新要求而提炼升华,微观尺度耕地集约利用的研究需兼顾经营主体行为的异质性和动态性,并且驱动机理需系统分析地块-主体-区域环境.With progress in the new four ＂modernization＂s,a lot of land demand will be released in the short term,resulting in that a large number of high-quality cultivated land resources around cities are occupation by construction,while there exist conversion and inefficient use of cultivated land in rural areas.Thence,the rigid requirements for the protection and utilization of cultivated land resources have continued to increase.In this context,there is an urgent need to strongly promote the intensive use of cultivated land conservation work.This paper has firstly explained the necessity of theoretical and practical research on cultivated land use intensity on three aspects,including national strategic needs,regional development needs and theoretical innovation needs.Specifically,it is the national strategic need of protecting food security,solving the issues concerning agriculture,countryside and farmers,and promoting the transformation of agricultural modernization.It is also the regional development need of establishing a new type of system for intensive agricultural operations,and innovating agricultural production and management systems.What＇s more,it is the theoretical innovation of making an all-aspect,multi-scale,multi-angle analysis on intensive use of cultivated land.And then,with the main progresses and lack of domestic research on cultivated land use intensity in consideration,this paper has pondered on the new connotation of the times of land use intensity and its focal point at micro-scale in the futures.It can be mainly summarized as the following three points：1）According to the new requirements of modern agriculture,the connotation of land use intensity needs refining and sublimation.2）The heterogeneity and inconsistency of individual behavior should take into account when studying cultivated land intensive use on micro-scale.3）Land plots characteristics,business entities individual endowments,as well as regional environment,should be systematic analyzed to explore micro driving mechanism

关 键 词：耕地资源 集约利用 节约集约 经营主体 新型四化 

分 类 号：F301.24[经济管理—产业经济]