高密度草鱼和乌鳢养殖围隔沉积物中微生物群落结构分析  

Microbial community structure in sediment of high-density aquaculture enclosures of grass carp and hybrid snakehead

作　　者：张植强[1,2] 魏南[1] 余德光[1] 谢骏[1] 王广军[1] 龚望宝[1] 郁二蒙[1] 李志斐[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院珠江水产研究所,农业部热带亚热带水产资源利用与养殖重点实验室,广东广州510380 [2]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306

出　　处：《南方水产科学》2016年第2期21-29,共9页South China Fisheries Science

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD25B04);广州市珠江科技新星专项(2014J2200088)

摘　　要：为了探讨不同鱼种的养殖模式对养殖池塘沉积物微生物结构的影响,利用聚合酶链反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)技术分析了珠三角地区2种常见养殖鱼种草鱼(Ctenopharyngodon idellus)和乌鳢(Channa maculate♀×Channa arguss♂)养殖池塘围隔中沉积物的微生物。结果显示,2种养殖模式PCR-DGGE电泳样品共获得72个条带,草鱼模式有67个条带,乌鳢模式有70个条带。克隆测序了37个条带,共获得48条序列,其中变形菌门为优势类群,占总序列的52.80%。微生物群落结构分析结果表明草鱼和乌鳢2种养殖模式间差异显著,2种养殖模式微生物的Shannon-Weiner指数和Simpson指数存在显著性差异,乌鳢模式的微生物多样性指数高于草鱼模式,说明微生物群落结构的差异可能受不同营养成分的饲料及鱼种的生活方式的影响。每种养殖模式月间差异性分析得出2种养殖模式差异均不显著,说明微生物群落结构在养殖过程中变化不大。To investigate the effect of fish aquaculture on microbial community structure in sediments of aquaculture pond, we selectedtwo common types of aquaculture fish, grass carp （ Ctenopharyngodon idellus） and hybrid snakehead （ Channa maculate ♀ x Channaarguss ♂）, to analyze the microorganisms of the sediment by PCR and denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis （DGGE）. Seventy-twoDGGE bands were found in the sediments of the two aquaculture fish, among which 67 bands were found in grass carp enclosures and70 bands in hybrid snakehead enclosures. Thirty-seven bands were sequenced, and a total of 48 sequences were obtained. Proteobac-teria dominated the microbial community in species richness （52. 8% ）. Microbial community structure analysis shows significantdifference between the two aquaculture patterns. The Shannon-Weiner index and Simpson index were different between these two fish,with Shannon-Weiner index higher in hybrid snakehead aquaculture than in grass carp aquaculture. Thus, different nutrient feeds andlifestyles of species also influence microbial community structure. The monthly changes of the two fish exhibited no significant differ-ence, which shows that the microbial community structure changes little in breeding process.

关 键 词：草鱼 乌鳢 沉积物 聚合酶链反应一变性梯度凝胶电泳 细菌群落结构 

分 类 号：Q938.1[生物学—微生物学]