石灰岩山地淡竹林演替序列土壤养分及其与群落特征的关系  

Relationship Between Soil Nutrition and Plant Community Characteristics Along the Succession Series from Phyllostachys glauca Forest to Broad-leaved Forest in the Limestone Mountain

作　　者：施建敏[1,2] 王龙凤[1,2] 郭春兰[1] 樊燕[1,2] 方楷[1,2] 黎祖尧[1,2] 杨光耀[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学林学院,南昌330045 [2]江西省竹子种质资源与利用重点实验室,南昌330045

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第1期153-158,共6页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31260174);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(211089)

摘　　要：为探寻石灰岩山地淡竹林演替序列土壤养分变化及其与群落特征的关系,采用空间代替时间方法,对竹纯林、混交林和阔叶林3个演替阶段的土壤养分、群落物种组成和多样性进行了研究,结果表明：（1）竹纯林向混交林、阔叶林演替的过程中,有机质、速效氮、速效磷含量、pH和电导率均呈＂V＂形变化,阔叶林土壤养分含量最高;（2）混交林阔叶树比例介于26%～73%之间,不同阔叶树比例的混交林土壤养分含量有差异,但养分含量与阔叶树比例没有显著相关关系;（3）由竹纯林演替到混交林,有机质含量和电导率的降低量分别与群落物种替代速率、草本层均匀度的变化呈显著负相关和正相关;从混交林演替到阔叶林,有机质、速效氮和速效磷含量的增量随着木本植物多样性的增加、草本植物多样性的降低而增加。分析认为,淡竹林演替序列土壤养分的＂V＂形变化是喀斯特地区自然演替序列较为特殊的规律,它与演替过程的群落特征变化具有密切联系。今后以混交林为关键阶段,整合土壤微生物和土壤酶的研究将有助于深入揭示淡竹林演替序列土壤养分变化规律的形成机制。A distinct succession series from bamboo（Phyllostachys glauca）forest（BF）,bamboo-broad-leaved mixed forest（MF）to broad-leaved forest（BLF）could be observed in the limestone mountain in Ruichang city,Jiangxi province,China.Employing the method of spatial sequence instead of temporal sequence,the soil nutrition,species composition and species diversity of the 3forest types were analyzed to explore the relationship between soil nutrition and community characteristics.The results showed that：（1）The contents of soil nutrients,including organic matter（OM）,available nitrogen（AN）and available phosphorus（AP）,soil pH and electrical conductivity（EC）all varied with the V shape along the succession series,and the soil nutrient content was the highest in broad-leaved forest.（2）The proportion of broad-leaved trees in the bamboo-broadleaved mixed forests（MFs）ranged from 26%to 73%.Although the soil nutrient content differed in the MFs with different proportions of broad-leaved trees,the correlation between soil nutrient content and the proportion of broad-leaved trees was not significant.（3）From the BF to MF,the reduction of OM significantly decreased with the increase of species turnover rate,while the reduction of EC significantly lowered with the decrease of the evenness of herb layer.From the MF to BLF,the increases of OM,AN and AP sharply increased with the increase of woody plant species diversity and with the decrease of herb species diversity.The results indicated that the variation of soil nutrition along the P.glauca forest succession series was significantlyassociated with the changes of plant community characteristics,and the V shape pattern of soil nutrition was quite special,which differed from other reported results in karst area.Moreover,the MF was the key phase of the succession series.Further study should be focused on the relationships between soil nutrition,community characteristics,soil microbes and soil enzymes to reveal the variation mechanism of soil nutritio

关 键 词：喀斯特 淡竹 演替 土壤养分 物种替代速率 物种多样性 

分 类 号：S153[农业科学—土壤学] Q948[农业科学—农业基础科学]