浙江省海岸带景观生态风险格局演变研究  

Study on Spatial Pattern Changes of Landscape Ecological Risk on Coastal Zone of Zhejiang Province

作　　者：李加林[1,2] 徐谅慧[1,3] 杨磊[1] 刘永超[1] 郭意新 姜忆湄 叶梦姚 史作琦 

机构地区：[1]宁波大学城市科学系,浙江宁波315211 [2]浙江省海洋文化与经济研究中心,浙江宁波315211 [3]宁波曙光中学,浙江宁波315211

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2016年第1期293-299,314,共8页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金项目(Y5110321);国家自然科学基金项目(41471004;41171073)

摘　　要：海岸带景观生态风险格局演变分析,对建立生态风险预警机制、降低生态风险概率,促进海岸带地区景观格局优化具有重要意义。以1990年、2000年、2010年3个时期的TM遥感影像为景观格局分析主要数据源,构建景观生态风险格局演变模型,分析浙江省海岸带景观生态风险格局时空变化特征。结果表明:(1)1990—2010年,研究区内景观结构发生了较大的变化,耕地、海域、林地以及水域面积均呈现出下降趋势,建设用地、未利用地以及养殖用地呈现出不断增加的趋势;(2)1990年,浙江省海岸带景观以低和较低等级生态风险区为主,分别占全区总面积的50.30%和35.94%,2000年低、较低等级生态风险区面积均有不同程度减少,而中等生态风险区面积则有显著增加。至2010年,低生态风险区面积进一步减少,而高与较高生态风险区面积增加明显;(3)从风险格局演变来看,1990—2010年海岸带景观低和较低等级生态风险区的分布范围不断向陆侧后退,面积呈现下降趋势,中等、较高和高生态风险区在沿海地区不断扩展,侵占生态风险等级相对较低区域,以沿海平原的淤泥质海岸尤为典型;(4)2000—2010年生态风险等级上升的速率明显低于前10a,表明人类在加速海岸带景观开发利用的同时,已开始关注生态环境的保护,正在逐步追求经济与生态环境的协调发展。The analysis of changes in spatial pattern of landscape ecological risk on coastal zone plays an important role in establishing the ecological risk warning mechanisms,minimizing the risk of ecological environment and optimizing the landscape pattern of coastal zone.Based on the remote sensing data of 1990,2000and2010,this study constructed the evolution model of landscape ecological risk pattern to analyze the temporalspatial changes of landscape ecological risk on coastal zone of Zhejiang province.The results showed that：（1）Landscape structure in research area significantly changed during 1990—2010.The areas of arable land,sea,woodland and freshwater decreased,while the areas of construction land,unused land and breeding land increased.（2）In 1990,the ecological risks on coastal zone of Zhejiang province were at extremely low and low level,which occupied 50.3% and 35.94% of the study area,respectively.In 2000,the areas under extremely low and low ecological risk deceased to some extent,while that under the moderate ecological risk increased significantly.By 2010,the area under low ecological risk further deceased,and the areas under high and extremely high ecological risk obviously increased.（3）From the perspective of changes in ecological risk pattern,the distribution ranges of the extremely low and low ecological risk areas shrink to the land side during 1990—2010,and the areas showed the decreasing trend.The moderate,high and extremely high ecological risk areas expand to the coast,and occupied the areas under relatively low ecological risk,whichwas the most typical in the muddy coast.（4）The rising rate of the ecological risk grade during 2000 to 2010was obviously slower than that in the previous decade,which showed that with the development and utilization of the coastal landscape resources,human being has started to pay attention to the protection of the ecological environment and the coordinated development of economy and ecological environment.

关 键 词：浙江省 海岸带 景观生态风险 

分 类 号：Q149[生物学—生态学] X826[生物学—普通生物学]