吸烟肺结核患者的临床特征分析  

Clinical Features of Smoking Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

作　　者：许光辉[1] 赵柳婵 张慧民[1] 陈华[1] 陈志宇[1] 甄志斌[1] 梅金周 陈亮 

机构地区：[1]江门市结核病防治所,广东江门529000 [2]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080 [3]广东省结核病控制中心,广东广州510060

出　　处：《现代医院》2016年第3期320-322,共3页Modern Hospitals

基　　金：国家科技重大专项"十二五"立项课题(编号:2014ZX10003001-002)

摘　　要：目的了解江门市肺结核患者吸烟状况及其临床特征。方法采用横断面调查和回顾性调查相结合的方法，将2012年10月～2015年1月在江门市结核病防治所诊治的804例初治肺结核患者，按照吸烟状况分为吸烟组和非吸烟组，分析其临床特征。结果肺结核患者总吸烟率为39．43％，高于全国平均水平（31．06％）。吸烟组肺结核患者的痰抗酸杆菌阳性率、胸部影像重度表现率和空洞阳性率（71．92％、29．97％和67．51％）均高于不吸烟组患者（54．41％，14．38％和46．20％），且差异均具有统计学意义（x2=24．8，P〈0．05；妒：31．3，P〈0．05；x2=35．2，P〈0．05）。吸烟组肺结核患者合并症发生率（36．59％）高于不吸烟组（16．22％），差异具有统计学意义（x2=43．4，P〈0．05）。吸烟肺结核患者尼古丁依赖得分（FTND）为（5．05±2．67）分，高于全国平均水平（3．89±2．42）分。结论肺结核患者吸烟状况严重，尼古丁依赖程度高。吸烟肺结核患者病情较严重，传染性较大，积极开展控烟行动十分必要。Objective To study the smoking status of patients with puhnonary tuberculosis （PTB） and analyze the clinical features. Methods A cross - sectional survey and retrospective survey were conducted to analyze the clinical fea- tures of 804 patients with primary tuberculosis who were treated in Jiangmen from October 2012 to January 2015. According to smoking status, the patients are divided into smoking and non - smoking groups. Results The total smoking rate of PTB pa- tients was 39.43 % , higher than the national average （3 1. 06% ）. The positive rate of acid -fast bacilli sputum smokers tu- berculosis patients, severe chest imaging performance ratio and empty positive rate （71.92% , 29.97 % and 67.51% ） were significantly higher than non - smokers patients （ 54. 41% , 14. 38% and 46. 20% ; x2 = 24. 8, P 〈 0. 05 ; x2 = 31.3, P 〈 0. 05 ; x2 = 35.2,P 〈 0.05 ）. The complication rate in the smoking group （36.59%） was higher than that in the non - smok- ing group（ 16. 22% ）, and the differences were statistically significant （ x2 = 43.4, P 〈 0. 05 ）, The nicotine dependence scores （FTND） of the smoking patients was （5.05 ±2. 67）, higher than the national average （3.89 ±2.42）. Conclusion The severer the smoking status of patients with tuberculosis, the higher the nicotine dependence score. The more serious tuber- culosis of smoking patients is, the more infectious they are. It is necessary for smoking patients with PTB to quit smoking.

关 键 词：结核 肺 吸烟 尼古丁依赖 临床特征 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R163.2[医药卫生—临床医学]