成都市一次重雾霾天气PM_(10)中水溶性离子污染特征  

Characteristics of Water-soluble Ionic in PM_(10) under One Serious Haze Weather from Chengdu City,China

作　　者：张燕美[1] 李金娟[1] 张维[1] 刘小春[1] 杨慧妮[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳550003

出　　处：《地球与环境》2016年第2期219-224,共6页Earth and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41265008);贵州省环境保护厅环境科技项目(黔环科[2011]6号)

摘　　要：2015年1月10-19日,对成都市青羊区雾霾期间大气PM10样品进行了采集,分析其质量浓度和9种水溶性离子（F-、Cl-、NO-3、SO2-4、NH＋4、Ca2＋、Mg2＋、K＋和Na＋）的分布特征。结果表明：此次雾霾期间PM10的平均质量浓度高达357.8μg/m3;水溶性离子的总质量浓度在雾霾天较高,二次无机水溶性离子NO-3、SO2-4和NH＋4占总水溶性离子的74.53%以上;雾霾和非雾霾天PM10中水溶性离子的质量浓度、含量百分比和各离子比值体现了本次雾霾是由机动车尾气、燃煤、建筑施工和气象等因素造成;PM10中NO-3/SO2-4的比值范围0.755 1-1.410,均值为1.050,说明成都是燃煤和机动车并存的复合型污染;PM10中NH＋4和NO-3、SO2-4两两之间均具有较好的相关性,NH＋4和NO-3、SO2-4的相关性系数分别为0.845 0、0.966 0,NH＋4和NO-3、SO2-4主要以（NH4）2SO4、NH4NO3形式存在于PM10中,Ca2＋和Mg2＋的相关性系数高达0.913 0。Atmospheric PM10 samples were collected in Qingyang District of Chengdu City,China under the weather of one serious haze in January 10-19,2015. Mass concentrations and components of 9 water-soluble ions（ Cl-,F-,NO-3,SO2-4,NH＋4,Mg2＋,Ca2＋,Na＋,and K＋） in PM10 were analyzed. Results indicate that the average concentration of PM10 in the haze days reaches 357. 8 μg / m3; total concentrations of water-soluble ions in the haze days are higher than those of normal days; secondary inorganic ions（ NO-3,SO2-4,and NH＋4） account for over 74. 53% of the total water soluble ions. Mass concentrations,mass fractions and ion ratios of the water-soluble ions in haze and normal days reflect that the haze is caused by motor vehicle emissions,coal combustion,building operations and meteorological factors. Ratios of NO-3/ SO2-4in PM10 range from 0. 755 1 to 1. 410,and the average ratio is 1. 050,demonstrating that Chengdu City is under combined contamination of coal combustion and motor vehicles. Among all PM10 samples,NH＋4 shows good correlation with NO-3and SO2-4,so does NO-3with SO2-4. Correlation coefficients of NH＋4with NO-3and SO2-4are 0. 845 0 and 0. 966 0,respectively. The NH＋4,NO-3and SO2-4 mainly exist as（ NH4）2SO4and NH4NO3 in PM10,and the correlation coefficient between Ca2＋and Mg2＋is 0. 913 0.

关 键 词：成都市 PM10 水溶性离子 大气污染 雾霾 

分 类 号：X51[环境科学与工程—环境工程]