采冶矿活动对贵州省赫章县地下水质量影响的空间特征  

Spatial Characteristics of Mining and Smelting Effects on Groundwater Quality in Hezhang County,Guizhou Province,China

作　　者：赵光帅 谢运球[1] 洪涛[1] 喻崎雯[1] 唐秀观 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所国土资源部岩溶生态系统与石漠化治理重点实验室,广西桂林541004 [2]中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083 [3]广西师范大学,广西桂林541004

出　　处：《地球与环境》2016年第2期237-242,共6页Earth and Environment

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查工作项目(12120113052500)

摘　　要：以赫章县地下河和泉为对象,通过采样、水质分析研究采冶矿活动对县域地下水中元素含量的影响,运用地下水质量标准(GB/T14848-93)评价其水质状况,并采用GIS软件揭示水质变化的空间特征。结果表明,赫章县地下水Fe、Mn、Pb元素平均含量超过国家地下水环境质量Ⅲ类标准,其中Fe的平均含量超过国标Ⅲ类水质量标准2.5倍,Mn超过1.4倍,Pb超过0.05倍。水体中Fe、Mn、Cu、Cd元素含量受区域原生地球化学环境控制,同时表生地球化学作用和人类活动也深刻影响水中元素的含量与分布。县域内地下水质量整体较好,较差水质仅分布在中部地区采冶矿点处,揭示了采冶矿带来的尾矿、矿渣经风化、蚀变、分解作用后向水体环境释放诸种重金属元素。The effects of mining and smelting on elements concentrations in groundwater were studied by sampling and analyzing the underground stream and spring in Hezhang County. After evaluation of groundwater quality with the Quality Standard for Ground water（ GB/T14848-93）,its spatial characteristics was revealed by applying GIS technique. The results indicated that the average concentration of iron,manganese and lead in the groundwater of this area is 2. 5,1. 4 and 0. 05 times higher than the benchmark value of the Ⅲgrade groundwater,respectively. The concentration and distribution of iron,manganese,copper and cadmium in groundwater are not only dominated by the original geochemical situation but also seriously affected by superficial geochemical processes and human mining and smelting activities. The groundwater quality is good as a whole,but is poor in the middle part of the county,especially around the mining and smelting places,which means that the tailings and slag brought by mining and smelting activities release some heavy metal elements into water environment after their weathering,alteration and decomposition.

关 键 词：采冶矿 赫章县 重金属 地下水质量 

分 类 号：X824[环境科学与工程—环境工程]